Lithium–sulfur (Li–S) battery has attracted tremendous interest owing to its high energy density at affordable costs. However, the irreversible active material loss and subsequent capacity fading caused by the uncontrollable shuttling of polysulfides have greatly hampered its commercial viability. MXenes, a novel class of 2D materials derived from nano-layered MAX phases, have been shown the potential to push the development of sulfur-based batteries to a next level owing to their high conductivity, strong polysulfide affinity and electrocatalytic properties. This perspective article focuses on the possible implications that MXene-based materials will have in the development of advanced sulfur-based batteries and their potential application in different upcoming technologies. In four sections possible developments are outlined which can be reached in the next 10 years, that enable a highly reliable, minimized Li–S battery finally combined with energy harvesters to fabricate autonomous power supplies for the next generation of microscaled devices like meteorological or geotechnical probes, wearable (medical) sensors or other suitable mobile devices. Finally, a flowchart illustrates the possible way to realize some important milestones for the certain possible steps with significant contributions of MXenes.

锂硫（Li-S）电池由于其高能量密度和可承受的成本而引起了极大的兴趣。然而，由多硫化物的不可控穿梭引起的不可逆活性材料损失和随后的容量衰减极大地阻碍了其商业可行性。MXenes 是一种源自纳米层状 MAX 相的新型二维材料，由于其高导电性、强多硫化物亲和力和电催化性能，已被证明有可能将硫基电池的发展推向一个新的水平。这篇观点文章重点介绍了基于 MXene 的材料在先进硫基电池的开发中可能产生的影响及其在不同即将到来的技术中的潜在应用。在四个部分中概述了未来 10 年内可以实现的可能发展，使高度可靠、最小化的锂硫电池最终与能量收集器相结合，为下一代微型设备（如气象或岩土工程探测器）制造自主电源、可穿戴（医疗）传感器或其他合适的移动设备。最后，流程图说明了在 MXenes 的重大贡献的某些可能步骤中实现一些重要里程碑的可能方法。