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Low Radio Frequency Observations from the Moon Enabled by NASA Landed Payload Missions
The Planetary Science Journal Pub Date : 2021-03-08 , DOI: 10.3847/psj/abdfc3
Jack O. Burns 1 , Robert MacDowall 2 , Stuart Bale 3 , Gregg Hallinan 4 , Neil Bassett 1 , Alex Hegedus 5
Affiliation  

A new era of exploration of the low radio frequency universe from the Moon will soon be underway with landed payload missions facilitated by NASA's Commercial Lunar Payload Services (CLPS) program. CLPS landers are scheduled to deliver two radio science experiments, Radio wave Observations at the Lunar Surface of the photoElectron Sheath (ROLSES) to the nearside and Lunar Surface Electromagnetics Experiment (LuSEE) to the farside, beginning in 2021. These instruments will be pathfinders for a 10 km diameter interferometric array, Farside Array for Radio Science Investigations of the Dark ages and Exoplanets (FARSIDE), composed of 128 pairs of dipole antennas proposed to be delivered to the lunar surface later in the decade. ROLSES and LuSEE, operating at frequencies from ≈100 kHz to a few tens of megahertz, will investigate the plasma environment above the lunar surface and measure the fidelity of radio spectra on the surface. Both use electrically short, spiral-tube deployable antennas and radio spectrometers based upon previous flight models. ROLSES will measure the photoelectron sheath density to better understand the charging of the lunar surface via photoionization and impacts from the solar wind, charged dust, and current anthropogenic radio frequency interference. LuSEE will measure the local magnetic field and exo-ionospheric density, interplanetary radio bursts, Jovian and terrestrial natural radio emission, and the galactic synchrotron spectrum. FARSIDE, and its precursor risk-reduction six antenna-node array PRIME, would be the first radio interferometers on the Moon. FARSIDE would break new ground by imaging radio emission from coronal mass ejections (CME) beyond 2R , monitor auroral radiation from the B-fields of Uranus and Neptune (not observed since Voyager), and detect radio emission from stellar CMEs and the magnetic fields of nearby potentially habitable exoplanets.



中文翻译:

NASA登陆有效载荷任务从月球进行的低射频观测

由NASA的商业月球有效载荷服务(CLPS)计划推动的着陆有效载荷飞行任务即将进入一个从月球探索低射频宇宙的新时代。CLPS着陆器计划进行两项无线电科学实验,从2021年开始在光电鞘的月球表面进行近距离无线电波观测(ROLSES),并在远侧进行近距离月球电磁实验(LuSEE)。一个直径为10 km的干涉阵列,用于黑暗年龄和系外行星无线电科学研究的远侧阵列(FARSIDE),由128对偶极子天线组成,提议在该十年的后期交付给月球表面。ROLSES和LuSEE,在≈100kHz到几十兆赫的频率下工作,将研究月球表面上方的等离子体环境,并测量表面无线电频谱的保真度。两者都使用短电螺旋管可展开天线和基于以前的飞行模型的无线电频谱仪。ROLSES将测量光电子鞘层的密度,以更好地了解通过光电离作用以及来自太阳风,带电粉尘和当前人为射频干扰的影响对月球表面的电荷。LuSEE将测量局部磁场和电离层的密度,星际射电爆发,木星和地面自然射电发射以及银河同步加速器光谱。FARSIDE及其降低前驱风险的六个天线节点阵列PRIME,将成为月球上的首批无线电干涉仪。ř ,监测来自天王星和海王星(因为旅行者未观察到)的B场极光辐射,并从恒星的CME和附近的潜在可居住外行星的磁场检测无线电发射。

更新日期:2021-03-08
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