Equality constitutes democracy's core value. This is why the growing awareness of the dangerousness of homobitransphobia, as a factor that hurts lgbti⁺ minorities and breaks up the social fabric, is pushing democracies worldwide to approve criminal laws to counter it. However, this resort to punishment raises several constitutional issues, especially in relation to the role that criminal law ought to play in a democratic society. Despite being culturally and legally similar in many respects, Spain, France, and Italy have adopted different criminal policies to tackle this heinous and often subtle phenomenon. Comparison was thus assumed to be an appropriate and original tool to analyse more in-depth pros and cons of the legislation at issue.

平等是民主的核心价值。这就是为什么人们越来越意识到同性恋双恐惧症的危险，这种危险是伤害同性恋者^和少数族裔并破坏社会结构的一个因素，它正在推动全世界的民主国家批准刑法来对付它。但是，这种惩罚手段引起了若干宪法问题，特别是在刑法在民主社会中应发挥的作用方面。尽管在许多方面在文化和法律上都相似，西班牙，法国和意大利还是采取了不同的刑事政策来应对这种令人发指的，通常是微妙的现象。因此，比较被认为是分析所涉法律更深入利弊的适当而原始的工具。