ABSTRACT

It is a widely accepted idea that German Idealism stands on two pillars: Kant and Spinoza. The aim of this essay is to critically reflect on this way of understanding the history of philosophy through a study of the reception of Spinoza in the early writings of Fichte, Schelling, and Hegel. This analysis will show that each of them builds a different image of Spinoza that is not based on the scholarly study of his works, but rather deeply conditioned by other readings and controversies of the time. Each assigns a central role to that image of Spinoza in the justification of his own system, and in each case that theoretical function is different: Spinoza is viewed as an enemy (Fichte), a possibility and a source of inspiration (Schelling), and a model of true philosophy (Hegel).

摘要

德国唯心主义立足于两个支柱：康德和斯宾诺莎，这是一个广为接受的观念。本文的目的是通过研究费希特，谢林和黑格尔的早期著作中的斯宾诺莎的接受，来批判性地反思这种理解哲学史的方式。这种分析将表明，他们每个人都建立了斯宾诺莎的不同形象，这不是基于对他的作品的学术研究，而是受到当时其他阅读和争议的深刻影响。每个人都在自己的系统辩护中为斯宾诺莎的形象赋予中心作用，并且在每种情况下理论功能都是不同的：斯宾诺莎被视为敌人（菲希特），可能性和灵感来源（舒灵），真正哲学的典范（黑格尔）。