In this paper, a novel framework for optimizing the resource allocation in a millimeter-wave-non-orthogonal multiple access (mmWave-NOMA) communication for crowded venues is proposed. MmWave communications suffer from severe blockage caused by obstacles such as the human body, especially in a dense region. Thus, a detailed method for modeling the blockage events in the in-venue scenarios is introduced. Also, several mmWave access points are considered in different locations. The resource allocation problem in this network is formulated in the form of an optimization problem to maximize the network sum rate, which is NP-hard. Hence, a three-stage low-complex solution is proposed to solve the problem. At first, a user scheduling algorithm, i.e., modified worst connection swapping (MWCS), is proposed. Secondly, the antenna allocation problem is solved using the simulated annealing algorithm. Afterward, to maximize the network sum rate and guarantee the quality of service constraints, a non-convex power allocation optimization problem is solved by adopting the difference of convex programming approach. The simulation results show that, under the blockage effect, the proposed mmWave-NOMA scheme performs, on average, $12\%$ better than the conventional mmWave-orthogonal multiple access (OMA) scheme. In addition, the proposed scheme considering blockage even outperforms the corresponding OMA system without blockage.

中文翻译：

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考虑到人为阻塞，通过多个接入点进行 mmWave-NOMA 通信的资源分配

在本文中，提出了一种新的框架，用于优化拥挤场所的毫米波非正交多址 (mmWave-NOMA) 通信中的资源分配。毫米波通信受到人体等障碍物造成的严重阻塞，特别是在人口稠密的地区。因此，介绍了一种在场地内场景中对阻塞事件进行建模的详细方法。此外，在不同位置考虑了多个毫米波接入点。该网络中的资源分配问题以优化问题的形式表示，以最大化网络总和率，这是 NP-hard。因此，提出了一个三阶段低复杂度的解决方案来解决这个问题。首先，提出了一种用户调度算法，即改进的最坏连接交换（MWCS）算法。第二，使用模拟退火算法解决天线分配问题。之后，为了最大化网络和率并保证服务质量约束，采用凸规划方法的差异解决了非凸功率分配优化问题。仿真结果表明，在阻塞效应下，所提出的毫米波-NOMA 方案的性能平均比传统的毫米波-正交多址 (OMA) 方案好 $12\%$。此外，所提出的考虑阻塞的方案甚至优于没有阻塞的相应 OMA 系统。采用凸规划差分法求解非凸功率分配优化问题。仿真结果表明，在阻塞效应下，所提出的毫米波-NOMA 方案的性能平均比传统的毫米波-正交多址 (OMA) 方案好 $12\%$。此外，所提出的考虑阻塞的方案甚至优于没有阻塞的相应 OMA 系统。采用凸规划差分法求解非凸功率分配优化问题。仿真结果表明，在阻塞效应下，所提出的毫米波-NOMA 方案的性能平均比传统的毫米波-正交多址 (OMA) 方案好 $12\%$。此外，所提出的考虑阻塞的方案甚至优于没有阻塞的相应 OMA 系统。