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Spatiotemporal Variability in Sedimentation Drives Habitat Loss on Restored Subtidal Oyster Reefs
Estuaries and Coasts ( IF 2.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-17 , DOI: 10.1007/s12237-021-00921-6
Olivia N. Caretti , DelWayne R. Bohnenstiehl , David B. Eggleston

Restored oyster reefs enhance commercial harvests and ecosystem services in coastal environments. Spatial and temporal changes in habitat availability can affect reef persistence and restoration benefits, and understanding how construction and location of a restored habitat influence its persistence over time is key to optimizing restoration efforts. The short-term persistence of six subtidal restored oyster reefs in Pamlico Sound, NC, USA was characterized by sidescan sonar and bathymetric mapping conducted immediately after restoration in August 2016 and again 21 months later in May 2018. A U-net convolutional neural network architecture was trained to classify reef pixels within the sonar imagery using image-based and image-texture features calculated from gray-level co-occurrence matrices. Oyster reef restoration used shell and limestone marl to construct flat substrates, with only a few 10’s of centimeters of local relief, spread over areas of ~3000–12,000 m2. All six reefs provided habitat for the settlement and growth of oyster populations, but this role changed as reefs underwent varying degrees of sediment burial between surveys. Reefs constructed in relatively low-energy environments lost ~18–35% of their substrate area, primarily by deposition of sediment along their margins. Reefs having greater sediment supply and greater exposure to predominant winds and currents were most susceptible to burial and became heavily fragmented with ~50–65% of the restored habitat lost. Sediment dynamics appear to exert a controlling influence on the success of these reefs, and oyster restoration sites in high-energy environments may have limited long-term economic and ecosystem benefits.



中文翻译:

沉积物中的时空变化驱动潮间带牡蛎礁恢复,从而导致栖息地流失。

恢复的牡蛎礁增强了沿海环境的商业捕捞和生态系统服务。栖息地可利用性的时空变化会影响礁石的持久性和恢复效益,而了解恢复的生境的构造和位置如何随着时间的推移影响其持久性,是优化恢复工作的关键。在美国北卡罗来纳州帕米利科桑德,六个潮汐下已恢复牡蛎礁的短期存留特征是在2016年8月恢复后立即进行侧扫声纳和测深图制图,2018年5月又在21个月后进行了测深测绘。U-net卷积神经网络体系结构经过培训,可以使用基于灰度共生矩阵计算出的基于图像和图像纹理的特征对声纳图像中的礁石像素进行分类。2。所有六个珊瑚礁为牡蛎种群的定居和生长提供了栖息地,但是随着珊瑚礁在两次调查之间经历不同程度的沉积物埋葬,这一作用发生了变化。在能量相对较低的环境中建造的珊瑚礁损失了其底物面积的约18–35%,这主要是由于沿其边缘沉积了沉积物。具有更大沉积物供应和更大风向和潮流的珊瑚礁最容易被埋葬,并且被严重破碎,约有50-65%的恢复栖息地消失。沉积物动力学似乎对这些礁石的成败产生了控制性影响,在高能环境中的牡蛎恢复地点可能会限制长期的经济和生态系统效益。

更新日期:2021-03-18
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