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Determination of Genetic Stability in Cacao Plants (Theobroma Cacao L.) Derived from Somatic Embryogenesis Using Microsatellite Molecular Markers (SSR)
International Journal of Fruit Science ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-17 , DOI: 10.1080/15538362.2021.1873219
Ana María Henao-Ramírez 1 , Héctor Jaime Salazar Duque 1 , Arley Fernando Calle Tobón 2 , Aura Inés Urrea Trujillo 2
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

The clonal propagation of T. cacao by somatic embryogenesis (SE) is a promising approach to multiply elite genotypes. Assessing clonal fidelity in plants regenerated from somatic embryos is the first step toward ensuring genetic uniformity in the mass production of planting material. This study assessed the genetic stability of cacao plantlets propagated by SE and conventional grafting for genotypes CCN51 and TSH565 using 13 SSR. The leaves of in vitro plantlets (IVL) were collected from 6-month-old plants and leaves of field plants (FPL) were selected from 3-year-old trees. The 13 analyzed loci revealed 25 alleles in genotype CCN51 and 24 alleles in genotype TSH565. The highest PIC value was observed for all SSR, only mTcCIR8 and mTcUNICAMP09 were intermediate, with PIC values of less than 0.250. IVL and FPL populations were genetically equal. According to the results, no differences in allelic composition were observed between FPL and IVL in each genotype. This indicates that plants propagated by SE did not show perceptible detriment to their genome with the used SSR. In addition, Jaccard’s coefficient showed more than a 91% similarity for TSH565 and 92% for CCN51. The UPGMA and PCA showed that the populations tended to group within two genotypes. The SSR results obtained do not exclude the occurrence of other changes in the nuclear genome. However, considering the morphological stability of in vitro propagated plants, the results indicate that the protocol used is suitable and efficient for large scale, true-to-type propagation of genotypes CCN51 and TSH565 for commercial purposes.



中文翻译:

使用微卫星分子标记(SSR)确定体细胞胚发生的可可植物(可可树)的遗传稳定性

摘要

通过体细胞胚发生(SE)进行的可可豆的无性繁殖是繁殖优良基因型的一种有前途的方法。评估从体细胞胚再生的植物中的克隆保真度是确保大规模生产种植材料中遗传均匀性的第一步。这项研究评估了可可苗通过SE和常规嫁接繁殖的可可苗的遗传稳定性,使用13个SSR进行基因型CCN51TSH565的嫁接。叶体外苗(IVL)从6个月大的植物,并从3岁的树木被选定字段植物(FPL)的叶子收集。这13个位点分析揭示基因型25个等位基因CCN51和基因型24个等位基因TSH565。所有SSR的PIC值最高,只有mTcCIR8和mTcUNICAMP09居中,PIC值小于0.250。IVL和FPL种群在遗传上是相等的。根据结果​​,在每种基因型中,在FPL和IVL之间未观察到等位基因组成的差异。这表明通过SE繁殖的植物在使用过的SSR中没有显示出对其基因组的可感知的损害。此外,捷卡的系数显示出比91%相似性更TSH565和92%CCN51。UPGMA和PCA表明,这些人群倾向于分为两种基因型。获得的SSR结果不排除核基因组中其他变化的发生。但是,考虑到体外的形态稳定性繁殖植物,结果表明所使用的方案适用于商业用途的基因型CCN51TSH565的大规模,真实型繁殖。

更新日期:2021-04-29
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