The Origins Space Telescope will trace the history of our origins from the time dust and heavy elements permanently altered the cosmic landscape to present-day life. How did galaxies evolve from the earliest galactic systems to those found in the universe today? How do habitable planets form? How common are life-bearing worlds? We describe how Origins was designed to answer these alluring questions. We discuss the key decisions taken by the Origins mission concept study team, the rationale for those choices, and how they led through an exploratory design process to the Origins baseline mission concept. To understand the concept solution space, we studied two distinct mission concepts and descoped the second concept, aiming to maximize science per dollar and hit a self-imposed cost target. We report on the study approach and describe the concept evolution. The resulting baseline design includes a 5.9-m diameter telescope cryocooled to 4.5 K and equipped with three scientific instruments. The chosen architecture is similar to that of the Spitzer Space Telescope and requires very few deployments after launch. The cryo-thermal system design leverages James Webb Space Telescope technology and experience.

中文翻译：

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Origins Space Telescope：导致基线任务概念的交易和决策

起源太空望远镜将追踪我们起源的历史，从尘土和重元素永久地改变宇宙景观到如今的生活。星系是如何从最早的银河系演化为如今在宇宙中发现的？可居住的行星是如何形成的？生命世界有多普遍？我们描述了Origins是如何设计来回答这些诱人的问题的。我们讨论了Origins任务概念研究团队做出的关键决定，这些选择的理由以及它们如何通过探索性设计过程引导到Origins基线任务概念。为了了解概念解决方案的空间，我们研究了两个不同的任务概念，并简化了第二个概念的范围，旨在最大程度地提高每美元的成本并达到自我设定的成本目标。我们报告了研究方法并描述了概念的演变。最终的基线设计包括一个直径为5.9 m的望远镜，该望远镜被冷冻至4.5 K，并配备了三台科学仪器。所选的架构与Spitzer太空望远镜的架构相似，发射后几乎不需要部署。低温热系统设计充分利用了詹姆斯·韦伯（James Webb）太空望远镜的技术和经验。