Turbulence is characterised by non-linear transfer of energy and other invariants across an extended range of scales, from the injection scale to where dissipation is active. Many flow configurations in nature and in the laboratories deviate from the ideal homogeneous and isotropic turbulent cases (HIT) characterised by the presence of direct energy cascade only and strong small-scales universality. In the presence of other control parameters, as rotation, stratification, complex boundaries, etc. turbulence can assume different large-scale behaviour and different asymptotic regimes depending on the relative importance of the different mechanisms and on the intensity/quality of the symmetry-breaking at play. Nevertheless, for high Reynolds number, and for scales small enough, turbulence is believed to recover a sort of HIT universal behaviour. The boundaries in the control parameters phase-space (and across scales) between universal HIT behaviour and other rich physical regimes, including the existence of inverse cascade, formation of large-scale condensates, hysteresis, and different transport regimes of mass, heat and momentum is poorly understood. In many applications, it is not known if there exists real (phase)-transitions, asymptotic or pre-asymptotic regimes, non-commutative properties in the limiting protocols when sending the control parameters to their critical values and – more importantly – we have a very loose phenomenological control on the expected bulk flow properties. In this short review, we discuss some of the above-cited issues connected to Rotating Turbulence and we provide a short introduction to the scientific problems discussed by the invited contributions.

湍流的特征是能量和其他不变量在扩展范围的尺度上非线性传递，从注入尺度到有消散作用的地方。自然界和实验室中的许多流动配置均偏离理想的均质和各向同性湍流箱（HIT），其特征是仅存在直接能量级联和强大的小规模通用性。在存在其他控制参数（例如旋转，分层，复杂边界等）的情况下，湍流可以采用不同的大规模行为和不同的渐近状态，具体取决于不同机制的相对重要性以及对称破坏的强度/质量正在上映。然而，对于高雷诺数和足够小的秤，湍流被认为可以恢复HIT的普遍行为。通用HIT行为与其他丰富的物理状态之间的控制参数相空间（以及跨尺度）的边界，包括反级联的存在，大规模冷凝物的形成，磁滞以及质量，热量和动量的不同传输状态知之甚少。在许多应用中，当将控制参数发送至临界值时，尚不清楚限制协议中是否存在实（相）变，渐近或前渐进状态，非交换性质，并且-更重要的是-我们有一个对预期的总流量特性的非常不严格的现象学控制。在这篇简短的评论中，我们讨论了与旋转湍流有关的上述一些问题，并简要介绍了受邀贡献者讨论的科学问题。