In the past decade, brain and autonomic nervous system activity measurement received increasing attention in the study of software engineering (SE). This paper presents a systematic literature review (SLR) to survey the existing NeuroSE literature. Based on a rigorous search protocol, we identified 89 papers (hereafter denoted as NeuroSE papers). We analyzed these papers to develop a comprehensive understanding of who had published NeuroSE research and classified the contributions according to their type. The 47 articles presenting completed empirical research were analyzed in detail. The SLR revealed that the number of authors publishing NeuroSE research is still relatively small. The thematic focus so far has been on code comprehension, while code inspection, programming, and bug fixing have been less frequently studied. NeuroSE publications primarily used methods related to brain activity measurement (particularly fMRI and EEG), while methods related to the measurement of autonomic nervous system activity (e.g., pupil dilation, heart rate, skin conductance) received less attention. We also present details of how the empirical research was conducted, including stimuli and independent and dependent variables, and discuss implications for future research. The body of NeuroSE literature is still small. Yet, high quality contributions exist constituting a valuable basis for future studies.

在过去的十年中，大脑和自主神经系统活动的测量在软件工程（SE）的研究中受到越来越多的关注。本文提出了系统的文献综述（SLR），以调查现有的NeuroSE文献。基于严格的搜索协议，我们确定了89篇论文（以下称为NeuroSE论文）。我们对这些论文进行了分析，以全面了解谁出版了NeuroSE研究，并根据其类型对贡献进行了分类。详细分析了47篇介绍实证研究的文章。SLR透露，发表NeuroSE研究的作者人数仍然相对较少。到目前为止，主题一直集中在代码理解上，而对代码检查，编程和错误修复的研究则较少。NeuroSE出版物主要使用与脑活动测量相关的方法（尤其是fMRI和EEG），而与自主神经系统活动测量相关的方法（例如，瞳孔扩张，心率，皮肤电导）受到的关注较少。我们还介绍了如何进行实证研究的细节，包括刺激，自变量和因变量，并讨论了对未来研究的意义。NeuroSE文献的规模仍然很小。但是，存在高质量的贡献，为将来的研究奠定了宝贵的基础。我们还介绍了如何进行实证研究的细节，包括刺激，自变量和因变量，并讨论了对未来研究的意义。NeuroSE文献的规模仍然很小。但是，存在高质量的贡献，为将来的研究奠定了宝贵的基础。我们还介绍了如何进行实证研究的细节，包括刺激，自变量和因变量，并讨论了对未来研究的意义。NeuroSE文献的规模仍然很小。但是，存在高质量的贡献，为将来的研究奠定了宝贵的基础。