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One cat, two cats, red cat, blue cats: eliciting morphemes from individuals with primary progressive aphasia
Aphasiology ( IF 2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 , DOI: 10.1080/02687038.2020.1852167
Melissa D Stockbridge 1 , William Matchin 2 , Alexandra Walker 1 , Bonnie Breining 1 , Julius Fridriksson 2 , Gregory Hickok 3 , Argye E Hillis 1, 4, 5
Affiliation  

ABSTRACT

Background: Progressive neurodegenerative impairment with central language features, primary progressive aphasia (PPA), can be further distinguished for many individuals into one of three variants: semantic, non-fluent/agrammatic, and logopenic variant PPA. Variants differ in their relative preservation and deficits of language skills, particularly in word finding and grammar. The majority of elicited language assessments used in this population focus on single noun and verb production, while modifiers and inflectional morphemes are far less commonly examined.

Aims: The purpose of the present study is to determine whether there was an interaction between PPA variant and production of high-frequency nouns, proper names, modifiers, and bound inflectional morphemes to better understand how the variants differ.

Methods & Procedures: Forty-six people with PPA and 47 individuals with no known neurological diagnoses completed a morphosyntactic generation assessment designed to target differential production of high-frequency nouns, proper names, modifiers (number, size, color), and bound inflectional morphemes (plural -s and possessive ’s), the Morphosyntactic Generation test (MorGen). Performance is averaged for each of the seven morphosyntactic targets independently, resulting in seven separate performance scores.

Outcomes & Results: Individuals with PPA performed significantly more poorly than controls on the assessed morphemes in a repeated-measures analysis of variance, as well as on each morpheme considered independently via t-test.

In a multivariable analysis of variance among PPA variants, the interaction of morpheme and PPA variant was significant, suggesting different variants produced the morphemes with a significantly different pattern of success. When morphemes were considered independently, only production of colour resulted in a significant difference between variants, driven by the performance of individuals with nfavPPA, who performed near-ceiling. When MorGen performance was used to predict PPA variant in a multinomial logistic regression the model was significant, with age, plural -s, noun, and number contributing significantly to the prediction. In a discriminate function analysis, classification of cases was best for agrammatic variant with 70% accuracy.

Conclusions: Individuals with PPA, particularly semantic and logopenic variants, demonstrated difficulty on the MorGen compared to controls. The MorGen proved useful in predicting PPA variant. These findings highlight the potential benefit of examining a broader range of morphemes, particularly bound morphemes and modifiers, in addition to the more frequently investigated classes of nouns and verbs when understanding PPA.



中文翻译:

一只猫,两只猫,红猫,蓝猫:从患有原发性进行性失语症的个体中引出语素

摘要

背景:具有中枢语言特征的进行性神经退行性障碍,原发性进行性失语症 (PPA),对于许多人来说,可以进一步区分为三种变体之一:语义、非流利/不语法和对数开放变体 PPA。变体在语言技能的相对保存和缺陷方面有所不同,特别是在单词查找和语法方面。在该人群中使用的大多数引出语言评估侧重于单个名词和动词的产生,而修饰语和屈折词素的检查则要少得多。

目的:本研究的目的是确定 PPA 变体与高频名词、专有名称、修饰语和绑定屈折词素的产生之间是否存在相互作用,以更好地了解变体的不同之处。

方法和程序:46 名 PPA 患者和 47 名没有已知神经系统诊断的人完成了形态句法生成评估,旨在针对高频名词、专有名称、修饰语(数量、大小、颜色)和绑定屈折语素的差异产生(复数 -s 和所有格),形态句法生成测试(MorGen)。七个形态句法目标中的每一个都独立地对性能进行平均,从而产生七个单独的性能分数。

结果和结果:在重复测量方差分析中,PPA 患者在评估的语素以及通过 t 检验独立考虑的每个语素上的表现明显低于对照组。

在 PPA 变体之间方差的多变量分析中,语素和 PPA 变体的相互作用是显着的,这表明不同的变体产生的语素具有显着不同的成功模式。当独立考虑语素时,只有颜色的产生会导致变体之间存在显着差异,这是由 nfavPPA 个体的表现驱动的,这些个体的表现接近天花板。当 MorGen 性能用于预测多项逻辑回归中的 PPA 变体时,模型是显着的,年龄、复数 -s、名词和数字对预测有显着贡献。在判别函数分析中,文法变体的病例分类最好,准确率为 70%。

结论:与对照组相比,患有 PPA 的个体,特别是语义和对数开放的变体,在 MorGen 上表现出困难。MorGen 被证明可用于预测 PPA 变体。这些发现突出了检查更广泛的语素的潜在好处,特别是绑定语素和修饰语,以及在理解 PPA 时更频繁地研究的名词和动词类别。

更新日期:2021-03-16
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