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The present and future of grassland restoration
Restoration Ecology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 , DOI: 10.1111/rec.13378 Péter Török 1, 2 , Lars A. Brudvig 3 , Johannes Kollmann 4 , Jodi Price 5 , Béla Tóthmérész 2, 6
Restoration Ecology ( IF 3.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-16 , DOI: 10.1111/rec.13378 Péter Török 1, 2 , Lars A. Brudvig 3 , Johannes Kollmann 4 , Jodi Price 5 , Béla Tóthmérész 2, 6
Affiliation
Grasslands contribute greatly to biodiversity and human livelihoods; they support 70% of the world's agricultural area, but are heavily degraded by human land use. Grassland restoration research and management receives less attention than forests or freshwater habitats, although grasslands are critical for sustaining ecosystems multifunctionality and capacity to support biodiversity. In this article, we introduce a Special Issue which considers major trends and prospects in grassland restoration. We identified three key topics: First, restoration must confront widespread seed and site limitations, and new monitoring methods, including remote sensing techniques, are critical for restoration projects. Second, we highlight that restored grasslands typically require ongoing disturbance management and that research is required to determine optimal approaches for implementing this management during restoration. Third, global and regional restoration agendas should be harmonized with site‐level goals, and syntheses of current knowledge and research needs must guide grassland restoration across scales. We also identify research gaps to be filled, and challenges which grasslands face in the future: (1) a need for careful target vegetation selection and climate‐adaptive restoration; (2) lack of knowledge in dynamics and restoration of several regions and grassland types, including drylands and (sub)tropical regions; (3) increased importance of species arrival sequence, and high stochasticity of species establishment; and finally (4) issues of post‐restoration management to guarantee long‐term sustainability of restored sites. A new generation of research and restoration projects to bridge these gaps is necessary to mitigate environmental challenges spanning localities to the globe as we commence the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration.
中文翻译:
草地恢复的现状与未来
草原极大地促进了生物多样性和人类生计;它们支持着世界70%的农业地区,但由于人类土地的使用而严重退化。尽管草地对于维持生态系统的多功能性和支持生物多样性的能力至关重要,但与森林或淡水生境相比,草地恢复研究和管理受到的关注较少。在本文中,我们介绍了《特刊》,其中考虑了草地恢复的主要趋势和前景。我们确定了三个关键主题:首先,恢复必须面对广泛的种子和站点限制,并且新的监视方法(包括遥感技术)对于恢复项目至关重要。第二,我们强调指出,恢复的草原通常需要进行持续的干扰管理,并且需要进行研究以确定恢复期间实施这种管理的最佳方法。第三,全球和区域恢复议程应与现场目标相协调,并且当前知识和研究需求的综合必须指导整个规模的草地恢复。我们还确定了需要填补的研究空白,以及未来草地面临的挑战:(1)需要仔细选择目标植被和适应气候的植被;(2)对包括干旱地区和(亚)热带地区在内的多个地区和草原类型的动态和恢复缺乏知识;(3)物种到达顺序的重要性增加,物种建立的高度随机性;最后(4)进行恢复后管理,以确保恢复后站点的长期可持续性。在我们启动联合国生态系统恢复十年之际,需要新一代的研究和恢复项目来弥合这些差距,以减轻遍布全球各地的环境挑战。
更新日期:2021-04-27
中文翻译:
草地恢复的现状与未来
草原极大地促进了生物多样性和人类生计;它们支持着世界70%的农业地区,但由于人类土地的使用而严重退化。尽管草地对于维持生态系统的多功能性和支持生物多样性的能力至关重要,但与森林或淡水生境相比,草地恢复研究和管理受到的关注较少。在本文中,我们介绍了《特刊》,其中考虑了草地恢复的主要趋势和前景。我们确定了三个关键主题:首先,恢复必须面对广泛的种子和站点限制,并且新的监视方法(包括遥感技术)对于恢复项目至关重要。第二,我们强调指出,恢复的草原通常需要进行持续的干扰管理,并且需要进行研究以确定恢复期间实施这种管理的最佳方法。第三,全球和区域恢复议程应与现场目标相协调,并且当前知识和研究需求的综合必须指导整个规模的草地恢复。我们还确定了需要填补的研究空白,以及未来草地面临的挑战:(1)需要仔细选择目标植被和适应气候的植被;(2)对包括干旱地区和(亚)热带地区在内的多个地区和草原类型的动态和恢复缺乏知识;(3)物种到达顺序的重要性增加,物种建立的高度随机性;最后(4)进行恢复后管理,以确保恢复后站点的长期可持续性。在我们启动联合国生态系统恢复十年之际,需要新一代的研究和恢复项目来弥合这些差距,以减轻遍布全球各地的环境挑战。