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Stacked Magma Lenses Beneath Mid‐Ocean Ridges: Insights From New Seismic Observations and Synthesis With Prior Geophysical and Geologic Findings
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-24 , DOI: 10.1029/2020jb021434
Suzanne M. Carbotte 1 , Milena Marjanović 2 , Adrien F. Arnulf 3 , Mladen R. Nedimović 4 , Juan Pablo Canales 5 , Gillean M. Arnoux 6
Affiliation  

Recent multi‐channel seismic studies of fast spreading and hot‐spot influenced mid‐ocean ridges reveal magma bodies located beneath the mid‐crustal Axial Magma Lens (AML), embedded within the underlying crustal mush zone. We here present new seismic images from the Juan de Fuca Ridge that show reflections interpreted to be from vertically stacked magma lenses in a number of locations beneath this intermediate‐spreading ridge. The brightest reflections are beneath Northern Symmetric segment, from ∼46°42′‐52′N and Split Seamount, where a small magma body at local Moho depths is also detected, inferred to be a source reservoir for the stacked magma lenses in the crust above. The imaged magma bodies are sub‐horizontal, extend continuously for along‐axis lengths of ∼1–8 km, with the shallowest located at depths of ∼100–1,200 m below the AML, and are similar to sub‐AML bodies found at the East Pacific Rise. At both ridges, stacked sill‐like lenses are detected beneath only a small fraction of the ridge length examined and are inferred to mark local sites of higher melt flux and active replenishment from depth. The imaged magma lenses are focused in the upper part of the lower crust, which coincides with the most melt rich part of the crystal mush zone detected in other geophysical studies and where sub‐vertical fabrics are observed in geologic exposures of oceanic crust. We infer that the multi‐level magma accumulations are ephemeral and may result from porous flow and mush compaction, and that they can be tapped and drained during dike intrusion and eruption events.

中文翻译:

大洋中脊下方的堆叠岩浆透镜:新的地震观测和先前的地球物理和地质发现的合成的见解

最近对快速扩散和热点影响的中洋海脊的多通道地震研究表明,岩浆体位于地壳中部地壳下垫带中,位于中地壳轴向岩浆透镜(AML)下方。我们在这里展示了来自胡安·德·福卡山脊的新地震图像,这些反射图像被解释为来自该中间伸展脊下方多个位置的垂直堆叠岩浆透镜。最亮的反射是在北对称线段以下,从〜46°42′-52′N和分裂海山,在那里也检测到了局部莫霍面深度的一个小型岩浆体,被认为是地壳中堆积的岩浆透镜的源库。以上。成像的岩浆体是亚水平的,沿轴长约1–8 km连续延伸,最浅的岩浆位于AML下方约100–1,200 m的深度,类似于东太平洋上升区的反洗钱机构。在两个山脊处,仅在所检查的山脊长度的一小部分下方检测到堆叠的窗台状透镜,并推断出该处标记出较高熔体通量的局部位置,并从深度开始进行主动补给。成像的岩浆透镜聚焦在下地壳的上部,这与在其他地球物理研究中检测到的晶体糊状区熔体最丰富的部分重合,并且在海洋地壳的地质暴露中观察到了亚垂直构造。我们推断,多级岩浆堆积是短暂的,可能是由多孔流和泥浆压实引起的,并且在堤防入侵和喷发事件中它们可以被抽出和排干。只能在所检查的脊长的一小部分下方检测到堆叠的窗台状透镜,并推断出该标志是从较高深度标记较高熔体通量和主动补给的局部位置。成像的岩浆透镜聚焦在下地壳的上部,这与在其他地球物理研究中检测到的晶体糊状区熔体最丰富的部分重合,并且在海洋地壳的地质暴露中观察到了亚垂直构造。我们推断,多级岩浆堆积是短暂的,可能是由多孔流和泥浆压实引起的,并且在堤防入侵和喷发事件中它们可以被抽出和排干。只能在所检查的脊长的一小部分下方检测到堆叠的窗台状透镜,并推断出该标志是从较高深度标记较高熔体通量和主动补给的局部位置。成像的岩浆透镜聚焦在下地壳的上部,这与在其他地球物理研究中检测到的晶体糊状区熔体最丰富的部分重合,并且在海洋地壳的地质暴露中观察到了亚垂直构造。我们推断,多级岩浆堆积是短暂的,可能是由多孔流和泥浆压实引起的,并且在堤防入侵和喷发事件中它们可以被抽出和排干。成像的岩浆透镜聚焦在下地壳的上部,这与在其他地球物理研究中检测到的晶体糊状区熔体最丰富的部分重合,并且在海洋地壳的地质暴露中观察到了亚垂直构造。我们推断,多级岩浆堆积是短暂的,可能是由多孔流和泥浆压实引起的,并且在堤防入侵和喷发事件中它们可以被抽出和排干。成像的岩浆透镜聚焦在下地壳的上部,这与在其他地球物理研究中检测到的晶体糊状区熔体最丰富的部分重合,并且在海洋地壳的地质暴露中观察到了亚垂直构造。我们推断,多级岩浆堆积是短暂的,可能是由多孔流和泥浆压实引起的,并且在堤防入侵和喷发事件中它们可以被抽出和排干。
更新日期:2021-04-27
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