The reintroduction of the extinct beluga sturgeon (Huso huso L.), an anadromous species with economic and traditional relevance, is a priority in next conservation strategies in Northern Italy. The EU-LIFE NATURA project aims to reintroduce the beluga sturgeon in the Po River basin through a captive breeding program. Critical requirements for the success of the program are river connectivity and knowledge of genetic diversity of the selected broodstocks to ensure self-sustainability of reintroduced populations. Here, the four broodstocks used for the reintroduction of beluga sturgeon have been genetically screened, genotyping 13 loci and sequencing mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (Cyt b) gene and the entire mitochondrial DNA control region (D-Loop). The four broodstocks showed a medium-high level of nuclear genetic variability and the presence of two sub-populations, evidencing a total level of inbreeding coefficients able to sustain the good potential as future breeders. Mitochondrial analyses showed a genetic variability comparable to wild populations, further strengthening the positive potential of the investigated broodstock. Therefore, this study, showed how the degree of genetic diversity found within the four broodstocks used for H. huso reintroduction in the Po River basin could be suitable to ensure the success of the program, avoiding the inbreeding depression associated with founder effect and captive breeding.

中文翻译：

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蒲江流域四种白uga（Beruga）St（Huso huso，L。）亲鱼的遗传研究

灭绝的白鹭st（Huso husoL.），一种具有经济和传统意义的无性物种，是意大利北部下一步保护策略的重点。EU-LIFE NATURA项目旨在通过圈养繁殖计划在波河流域重新引进白lu。该计划成功的关键要求是河流连通性和所选亲鱼遗传多样性的知识，以确保再引入种群的自我维持。在这里，已经对用于白lu的再引入的四种亲本进行了基因筛选，对13个基因座进行了基因分型，并对线粒体DNA细胞色素b（Cyt b）基因和整个线粒体DNA控制区（D-Loop）进行了测序。这四只亲鱼显示出中等高水平的核遗传变异性，并且存在两个亚种群，证明了近亲繁殖系数的总体水平能够维持作为未来育种者的良好潜力。线粒体分析显示出与野生种群相当的遗传变异性，进一步增强了所研究亲鱼的积极潜力。因此，这项研究表明如何在用于育种的四种亲鱼中发现遗传多样性的程度。在波河流域重新引入H. huso可能适合确保该计划的成功，避免与创始人效应和圈养繁殖相关的近亲衰退。