It is generally believed that magnetization measurements on sulfur hydride under high pressure performed in 2015 [1] provided “final convincing evidence of superconductivity” [2] in that material, in agreement with theoretical predictions [3], [4]. Supported by this precedent, drops in resistance that were later observed in several other hydrides under high pressure [2, 5] have been generally accepted as evidence of superconductivity without corroborating evidence from magnetic measurements. In this paper we challenge the original interpretation that the magnetic measurements on sulfur hydride performed in 2015 were evidence of superconductivity. We point out that a large $paramagnetic$ contribution to the magnetic susceptibility was detected below $T_c$ and argue that its temperature dependence rules out the possibility that it would be a background signal; instead the temperature dependence indicates that the paramagnetic behavior originated in the sample. We discuss possible explanations for this remarkable behavior and conclude that standard superconductors would not show such behavior. We also survey all the other published data from magnetic measurements on this class of materials and conclude that they do not provide strong evidence for superconductivity. Consequently, we call into question the generally accepted view that conventional superconductivity in hydrogen-rich materials at high temperature and pressure is a reality, and discuss the implications if it is not.

一般认为，2015年对氢化硫进行的磁化测量[1]与该理论预测[3]，[4]一致，为该材料提供了“最终令人信服的超导证据” [2]。受此先例支持，后来在高压下[2，5]的其他几种氢化物中观察到的电阻下降已被普遍认为是超导性的证据，而没有证实磁性测量的证据。在本文中，我们挑战了最初的解释，即2015年对氢化硫进行的磁测量是超导性的证据。我们指出$p\mathrm{一个}\mathrm{[R}\mathrm{一个}米\mathrm{一个}GñËŤ\mathrm{一世}C$ 在下面检测到对磁化率的贡献 ${Ť}_C$并认为其温度依赖性排除了将其作为背景信号的可能性；相反，温度依赖性表明顺磁行为起源于样品。我们讨论了这种异常行为的可能解释，并得出结论，标准超导体将不会表现出这种行为。我们还对此类材料的磁性测量结果调查了所有其他已发布的数据，并得出结论，这些数据没有提供超导性的有力证据。因此，我们质疑普遍接受的观点，即在高温和高压下富氢材料中的常规超导性是现实，并讨论了不存在的含义。