ABSTRACT

Based on in-depth fieldwork, this article explores protest movements in Iraq drawing on theorizations on NGOization, civil society and social movements. I situate the protests within the country's social, political and economic contexts. Then, I look at women and youth's involvement showing the importance to consider the traumatic experience of sectarian and political violence to understand their organizing and demands. I argue that Iraqis have experienced the collapse of a strong authoritarian welfare centralized state, a process that started in the 1990s and was accelerated by the 2003 US invasion. Thus, instead of neoliberal politics, the country has experienced ‘shock doctrines’ with aggressive privatizations coupled with exacerbated militarization.

摘要

本文基于深入的实地调查，利用非政府组织化、公民社会和社会运动的理论探讨了伊拉克的抗议运动。我将抗议活动置于该国的社会、政治和经济环境中。然后，我研究了妇女和青年的参与，这表明考虑宗派和政治暴力的创伤经历以了解她们的组织和要求的重要性。我认为伊拉克人经历了强大的威权福利中央集权国家的崩溃，这一过程始于 1990 年代，并因 2003 年美国入侵而加速。因此，该国不是新自由主义政治，而是经历了激进的私有化和军事化加剧的“冲击学说”。