The aim of this paper is to present a short practical introduction to Raman spectroscopy for all non-specialist in chemistry and physics who are working with (marine) microplastics and nanoplastics. The continually growing polymer presence in the global ocean system constitutes a crucial interdisciplinary issue. To adequately address the problem of microplastics impact on the marine environment, its ecotoxicity, fate, sources, accumulation and weathering, one should characterise the debris found. In order to identify and describe the samples, spectroscopy techniques are crucial as they enable qualitative as well as quantitative analyses. This work provides the shortlist of good practices developed during own research, method potential and drawbacks, case studies as examples, simple explanation of primary polymer spectra. Finally, some matters on the edge and future directions are shortly mentioned. The selected proper results of measurements of diversified types of samples are provided to better illustrate the problem.

本文的目的是为所有使用（海洋）微塑料和纳米塑料的化学和物理学非专业人士提供有关拉曼光谱的简短实用介绍。聚合物在全球海洋系统中的不断增长构成了一个至关重要的跨学科问题。为了充分解决微塑料对海洋环境的影响，其生态毒性，命运，来源，积累和风化的问题，应该对发现的碎片进行表征。为了鉴定和描述样品，光谱技术至关重要，因为它们可以进行定性和定量分析。这项工作提供了在自己的研究过程中开发的良好实践，方法的潜力和缺点，案例研究为例，主要聚合物光谱的简单解释的简短列表。最后，在边缘部分的事情和未来的方向被简短提及。提供了各种类型样品的所选测量结果，以更好地说明问题。