ABSTRACT

Architectural lighting has potent biological effects but applied lighting practices that capitalize on this potential have been limited. In this review, we endeavor to consolidate and synthesize key references that will be useful for lighting professionals, with the goal of supporting knowledge translation into pragmatic lighting strategies. Specifically, we explain relevant terminology, outline basic concepts, identify key references, provide a balanced overview of the current state of knowledge, and highlight important remaining questions. We summarize the physiological effects of light on human health and well-being, including a description of the processes underlying the photic regulation of circadian, neuroendocrine, and neurobehavioral functions. We review seminal work elucidating the elements mediating the potency of light for these physiological responses, with specific attention to factors critical for interpreting those findings. In parallel, we explain and endorse melanopic Equivalent Daylight Illuminance ($E_{\mathrm{v},\mathrm{m}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{D}65}$) as the preferred measure to quantify the biological potency of light. Ultimately, while future studies are necessary to further facilitate the translation of laboratory knowledge to domestic and workplace settings, the immediate potential for applied lighting to better support human health is clear. Aiming for integrative lighting solutions that have biologically high potency light during the day and low potency during the night is perhaps the most immediate improvement to be made in order to better support applications for humans.

摘要

建筑照明具有强大的生物效应，但利用这种潜力的应用照明实践受到限制。在本次审查中，我们努力整合和综合对照明专业人士有用的关键参考资料，以支持将知识转化为实用的照明策略。具体来说，我们解释相关术语，概述基本概念，确定关键参考文献，提供当前知识状态的平衡概述，并突出重要的剩余问题。我们总结了光对人类健康和福祉的生理影响，包括对昼夜节律、神经内分泌和神经行为功能的光调节过程的描述。我们回顾了阐明调节光对这些生理反应的效力的元素的开创性工作，特别关注对解释这些发现至关重要的因素。同时，我们解释并支持黑素等效日光照度（${乙}_{\mathrm{v},\mathrm{米}\mathrm{e}\mathrm{l}}^{\mathrm{D}65}$) 作为量化光的生物效力的首选措施。最终，虽然未来的研究对于进一步促进将实验室知识转化为家庭和工作场所环境是必要的，但应用照明更好地支持人类健康的直接潜力是显而易见的。为了更好地支持人类应用，以白天具有生物高效能光而在夜间具有低效能光的集成照明解决方案为目标可能是最直接的改进。