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Critical review on lanthanum-based materials used for water purification through adsorption of inorganic contaminants
Critical Reviews in Environmental Science and Technology ( IF 12.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 , DOI: 10.1080/10643389.2020.1864958
Koh Yuen Koh 1 , Yi Yang 1 , J. Paul Chen 1
Affiliation  

Abstract

Water pollution is a serious global environmental problem as many pollutants are highly carcinogenic to humans (e.g., arsenic) and cause disruption in the ecosystem (e.g., phosphorus for eutrophication). Therefore, development and application of cost-effective technologies are of great importance to meet the increasing stringent regulations and the greater challenges in the water contamination. This article provides a comprehensive review of publications in lanthanum (La)-based adsorbents that are exceptionally effective for the removal of several common inorganic contaminants from aqueous solutions. The abilities of lanthanum compounds (e.g., La2(CO3)3) as standalone adsorbents or La-incorporated adsorbents (e.g., with activated carbons) were summarized and discussed in detail. The reported studies have demonstrated that the lanthanum compounds particularly work well in the adsorption of inorganic anions (e.g., arsenic and fluoride). In addition, the incorporation of lanthanum onto some supporting materials would result in better adsorption with a lower material cost, due to better dispersion of lanthanum and well distributed active functional groups. The mechanisms of adsorption mainly include ligand exchange, surface complexation and electrostatic attraction. Various evidences given in the literatures demonstrate that, the La-based adsorbents are commercially viable and well outperform the commercial materials (e.g., ion exchange resins, activated carbons and iron oxides) for the water and wastewater treatment, in particular for the removal of anionic pollutants.



中文翻译:

对通过吸附无机污染物用于水净化的镧基材料进行批判性审查

摘要

水污染是一个严重的全球环境问题,因为许多污染物对人类具有高度致癌性(例如砷)并会破坏生态系统(例如用于富营养化的磷)。因此,开发和应用具有成本效益的技术对于应对日益严格的法规和更大的水污染挑战具有重要意义。本文全面回顾了镧 (La) 基吸附剂的出版物,这些吸附剂对于去除水溶液中的几种常见无机污染物非常有效。镧化合物的能力(例如,La 2 (CO 3 ) 3) 作为独立的吸附剂或掺入 La 的吸附剂(例如,使用活性炭)进行了总结和详细讨论。报道的研究表明,镧化合物在吸附无机阴离子(例如砷和氟化物)方面特别有效。此外,由于镧更好的分散性和分布良好的活性官能团,将镧掺入一些支撑材料将导致更好的吸附和更低的材料成本。吸附机理主要包括配体交换、表面络合和静电吸引。文献中给出的各种证据表明,基于 La 的吸附剂在商业上是可行的,并且远远优于商业材料(例如离子交换树脂、

更新日期:2021-03-26
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