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Memes and the Moroccan Far-Right
The International Journal of Press/Politics ( IF 4.495 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-26 , DOI: 10.1177/1940161221995083
Cristina Moreno-Almeida 1 , Paolo Gerbaudo 1
Affiliation  

Facebook meme pages in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) have flared-up in the past decade. Since 2017, some Moroccan pages have started sharing exclusively patriarchal, ultra- and ethnonationalist, misogynist, and racist content shaped to look in line with “alt-right” online aesthetics. Self-identifying as right-wing, these pages have memetized an entire ecosystem of scapegoats as enemies of the nation. Furthermore, they have rescued symbols from the past, such as the late King Hassan II or the Marinid flag, to formally establish the Moroccan Right. In view of this trend, this paper examines Moroccan Facebook meme pages that share ultranationalist content and build on a scapegoating strategy to understand how Far-Right ideologies have been adapted in the MENA. Through multimodal discourse analysis of memes posted since 2017 until April 2020, this paper studies the ways in which the revival of Far-Right tropes is contributing to reshaping local digital political landscapes and pushing toward an Arab Right. By examining a collection of over 1,600 memes, our paper argues that this new online Moroccan Far-Right discourse is adapting Far-Right views, particularly in terms of gender and race, to local politics. This research contends that internet memes are effectively acting as an entry point in the creation of a Moroccan Far-Right. As a newly formed trend, however, the Moroccan Far Right is still negotiating its main tenets.



中文翻译:

模因和摩洛哥极右派

在过去的十年中,中东和北非(MENA)的Facebook模因页面激增。自2017年以来,摩洛哥的某些页面开始专门分享父权制,极端民族主义,民族主义,厌恶女性主义和种族主义的内容,这些内容的外观与“另类权利”的在线美学相符。自我识别为右派,这些页面已经memetized整个替罪羊生态系统成为国家的敌人。此外,他们从过去的哈桑二世国王哈桑二世或马里尼德船旗中抢救了一些符号,以正式确立摩洛哥右翼。鉴于这种趋势,本文研究了共享超民族主义内容的摩洛哥Facebook模因页面,并基于一种替身策略来了解中东和北非地区如何调整了极右翼意识形态。通过对2017年以来至2020年4月发布的模因进行多模式话语分析,本文研究了极右派的复兴如何有助于重塑当地数字政治格局并朝着阿拉伯权利迈进。通过研究1600多种模因的集合,我们的论文认为,这种新的在线摩洛哥“极右派”话语正在适应极右派的观点,尤其是在性别和种族方面,到地方政治。这项研究认为,网络模因有效地成为了摩洛哥极右翼创作的切入点。但是,作为一种新形成的趋势,摩洛哥极右翼仍在谈判其主要宗旨。

更新日期:2021-03-26
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