ABSTRACT

Introduction: Periodontitis is a widespread illness that arises due to disrupted interplay between the oral microbiota and the host immune response. In some cases, conventional therapies can provide temporary remission, although this is often followed by disease relapse. Recent studies of periodontitis pathology have promoted the development of new therapeutics to improve treatment options, together with local application using advanced drug delivery systems.

Areas covered: This paper provides a critical review of the status of current treatment approaches to periodontitis, with a focus on promising immunomodulation and probiotic therapies. These are based on delivery of small molecules, peptides, proteins, DNA or RNA, and probiotics. The key findings on novel treatment strategies and formulation of advanced delivery systems, such as nanoparticles and nanofibers, are highlighted.

Expert opinion: Multitarget therapy based on antimicrobial, immunomodulatory, and probiotic active ingredients incorporated into advanced delivery systems for application to the periodontal pocket can improve periodontitis treatment outcomes. Translation of such adjuvant therapy from laboratory to patient is expected in the future.

摘要

简介：牙周炎是一种普遍的疾病，由于口腔微生物群和宿主免疫反应之间的相互作用被破坏而引起。在某些情况下，常规疗法可以提供暂时的缓解，尽管这通常会导致疾病复发。最近对牙周炎病理学的研究促进了新疗法的发展，以改善治疗选择，以及使用先进的药物递送系统进行局部应用。

涵盖的领域：本文对当前牙周炎治疗方法的现状进行了批判性回顾，重点是有前景的免疫调节和益生菌疗法。这些基于小分子、肽、蛋白质、DNA 或 RNA 以及益生菌的递送。重点介绍了关于新型治疗策略和先进递送系统（如纳米颗粒和纳米纤维）配方的主要发现。

专家意见：基于抗菌、免疫调节和益生菌活性成分的多靶点治疗纳入先进的递送系统以应用于牙周袋，可以改善牙周炎的治疗结果。预计未来将这种辅助治疗从实验室转化为患者。