Biological Psychology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-20 , DOI: 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2021.108081 Javier Guerrero Moreno , Claudinei Eduardo Biazoli , Abrahão Fontes Baptista , Lucas Remoaldo Trambaiolli
Affective and anxiety disorders are the most prevalent and incident psychiatric disorders worldwide. Therapeutic approaches to these disorders using non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) and analogous techniques have been extensively investigated. In this paper, we discuss the combination of NIBS and neurofeedback in closed-loop setups and its application for affective symptoms and disorders. For this, we first provide a rationale for this combination by presenting some of the main original findings of NIBS, with a primary focus on transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), and neurofeedback, including protocols based on electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Then, we provide a scope review of studies combining real-time neurofeedback with NIBS protocols in the so-called closed-loop brain state-dependent neuromodulation (BSDS). Finally, we discuss the concomitant use of TMS and real-time functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) as a possible solution to the current limitations of BSDS-based protocols for affective and anxiety disorders.
中文翻译:
闭环神经刺激治疗情感症状和失调:概述
情感和焦虑症是世界上最普遍和最常见的精神疾病。使用无创性脑刺激(NIBS)和类似技术对这些疾病的治疗方法已得到广泛研究。在本文中,我们讨论了NIBS和神经反馈在闭环设置中的组合及其在情感症状和疾病中的应用。为此,我们首先通过介绍NIBS的一些主要原始发现为这种结合提供理由,主要关注经颅磁刺激(TMS)和神经反馈,包括基于脑电图(EEG)和功能性磁共振成像的方案(fMRI)。然后,我们提供了在所谓的闭环脑状态依赖性神经调节(BSDS)中将实时神经反馈与NIBS协议相结合的研究范围。最后,我们讨论了同时使用TMS和实时功能近红外光谱(fNIRS)作为可能的解决方案,以解决针对情感和焦虑症的基于BSDS的协议的当前局限性。