Background: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are common environmental contaminants consisting of two or more fused benzene rings. PAHs can be introduced into foodstuffs through different ways, such as smoking, roasting and grilling for meat and fish, absorption from the environment for edible oils, chemical treatment of crops for plant-based products, or contamination through packaging during storage. Due to the low concentrations of PAHs in foodstuffs, a clean-up and preconcentration sample preparation technique is of high importance. Until recently, solid-phase and liquid-liquid extraction were the most popular sample preparation techniques for the extraction of PAHs from food matrices. However, due to the fundamental drawbacks of those extraction procedures, a plethora of novel methods, including micro-extraction techniques and miniaturized extraction techniques, have been developed. Moreover, a wide variety of novel adsorbent materials (e.g., metal-organic frameworks, carbon-based materials, etc.) have been synthesized and applied for PAHs’ extraction.

Objective: This review aims to discuss recent advances in the extraction techniques of PAHs from food samples, utilizing novel sample preparation approaches and adsorbents.

Conclusion: Compared with the traditional sample preparation techniques, the herein discussed green miniaturized extraction and microextraction techniques offer multiple benefits, including simplicity, reduced sample preparation time, as well as reduced consumption of organic solvents.

背景：多环芳烃（PAH）是常见的环境污染物，由两个或多个稠合苯环组成。多环芳烃可以通过不同的方式引入食品中，例如吸烟，肉和鱼的烧烤和烧烤，从环境中吸收食用油，对农作物进行植物产品的化学处理或在存储过程中通过包装污染。由于食品中PAHs的浓度较低，因此净化和预浓缩样品制备技术非常重要。直到最近，固相萃取和液-液萃取还是从食品基质中萃取PAHs的最受欢迎的样品前处理技术。但是，由于这些提取程序的根本缺陷，因此出现了许多新颖的方法，已经开发出包括微萃取技术和小型化萃取技术在内的技术。此外，已经合成了多种新颖的吸附材料（例如，金属有机骨架，碳基材料等）并将其用于PAHs的萃取。

目的：本文旨在探讨利用新型样品制备方法和吸附剂从食品样品中提取多环芳烃的最新进展。

结论：与传统的样品制备技术相比，本文讨论的绿色小型化提取和微萃取技术具有多种好处，包括简单，减少了样品制备时间以及减少了有机溶剂的消耗。