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Defining and Measuring News Media Quality: Comparing the Content Perspective and the Audience Perspective
The International Journal of Press/Politics ( IF 4.495 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-25 , DOI: 10.1177/1940161221999666
Philipp Bachmann 1 , Mark Eisenegger 1 , Diana Ingenhoff 2
Affiliation  

High-quality news is important, not only for its own sake but also for its political implications. However, defining, operationalizing, and measuring news media quality is difficult, because evaluative criteria depend upon beliefs about the ideal society, which are inherently contested. This conceptual and methodological paper outlines important considerations for defining news media quality before developing and applying a multimethod approach to measure it. We refer to Giddens' notion of double hermeneutics, which reveals that the ways social scientists understand constructs inevitably interact with the meanings of these constructs shared by people in society. Reflecting the two-way relationship between society and social sciences enables us to recognize news media quality as a dynamic, contingent, and contested construct and, at the same time, to reason our understanding of news media quality, which we derive from Habermas' ideal of deliberative democracy. Moreover, we investigate the Swiss media system to showcase our measurement approach in a repeated data collection from 2017 to 2020. We assess the content quality of fifty news media outlets using four criteria derived from the deliberative ideal (N = 20,931 and 18,559 news articles and broadcasting items, respectively) and compare the results with those from two representative online surveys (N = 2,169 and 2,159 respondents). The high correlations between both methods show that a deliberative understanding of news media quality is anchored in Swiss society and shared by audiences. This paper shall serve as a showcase to reflect and measure news media quality across other countries and media systems.



中文翻译:

定义和衡量新闻媒体质量:比较内容视角和受众视角

高质量的新闻很重要,这不仅出于其自身的利益,而且也具有其政治意义。但是,定义,操作和衡量新闻媒体质量是困难的,因为评估标准取决于对理想社会的信念,而这种信念固有地受到了质疑。这份概念性和方法论性文件概述了在开发和应用多方法方法对其进行衡量之前定义新闻媒体质量的重要考虑因素。我们提到吉登斯的双重解释学概念,它揭示了社会科学家理解建构的方式不可避免地与社会上人们共享的这些建构的含义相互作用。反映社会科学与社会科学之间的双向关系,可以使我们认识到新闻媒体的质量是动态的,偶然的和有争议的结构,并且,同时,要推理我们对新闻媒体质量的理解,这是我们从哈贝马斯的协商民主理想中得出的。此外,我们调查了瑞士的媒体系统,以在2017年至2020年的重复数据收集中展示我们的测量方法。我们使用源自审议理想的四个标准,评估了五十家新闻媒体的内容质量(N  = 20,931和18,559则新闻报道和广播项目),并将结果与​​两项代表性在线调查的结果进行比较(N  = 2,169和2,159被调查者)。两种方法之间的高度相关性表明,对新闻媒体质量的深思熟虑植根于瑞士社会,并为受众所共有。本文将作为展示和衡量其他国家和媒体系统中新闻媒体质量的展示。

更新日期:2021-03-25
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