Abstract

Successful aging broadly refers to the development and maintenance of favorable life outcomes with increasing age. We propose that the likelihood of people aging successfully is enhanced by routinely engaging in habitually repeated, enjoyable actions (henceforth, “rituals”) that cultivate their personal resources in the physical, emotional, mental, social, and spiritual domains. We suggest that fixed mindsets will impede the discovery and adoption of such rituals, whereas growth mindsets will facilitate people exploring, trialing, and perpetually enacting rituals that help them age successfully. After defining successful aging, we explain the nature of mindsets and discuss their role in systematically cultivating relevant physical, emotional, mental, social, and spiritual resources. Practical examples of personal resource-building rituals are provided throughout. We outline several avenues for future research to test hypotheses derived from the propositions we have advanced and illustrate how mindsets might be deliberately fostered to support successful aging. We also suggest potential boundary conditions on the utility of growth mindsets.

中文翻译：

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成长心态是否能使人成功衰老？

摘要

成功的衰老广义上是指随着年龄的增长而发展和维持有利的生活结局。我们建议，通过定期进行习惯性重复，愉快的动作（此后称为“仪式”）来增加人们成功衰老的可能性，这些动作会在生理，情感，心理，社会和精神领域中培养个人资源。我们建议，固定的心态将阻碍此类仪式的发现和采用，而成长的心态将促进人们探索，尝试和永久制定能够帮助他们成功衰老的仪式。在定义成功的衰老之后，我们解释了思维方式的本质，并讨论了它们在系统地培养相关的身体，情感，心理，社会和精神资源方面的作用。全文中提供了一些个人资源建设仪式的实用示例。我们概述了未来研究的几种途径，以检验源自我们提出的命题的假设，并说明如何刻意培养思维方式以支持成功的衰老。我们还建议潜在的边界条件对增长思维方式的效用。