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Performance measurement and joint production of intended and unintended outputs
Journal of Productivity Analysis ( IF 2.500 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-23 , DOI: 10.1007/s11123-021-00599-9
Finn R. Førsund

The generation of unintended residuals when producing intended outputs is the key factor behind our serious problems with pollution. The way this joint production is modelled is therefore of crucial importance for our understanding and empirical efforts to change economic activities in order to reduce harmful residuals. Estimation of efficiency and productivity when producing both intended and unintended outputs has emerged as an important research strand. The most popular models in the field are based on weak disposability of the two types of outputs together and null-jointness introduced by Shephard. The purpose of the paper is to show that these model types are built on some questionable assumptions. An alternative model based on the production theory of Frisch introduces technical jointness for the case when the unintended output is unavoidable. The materials balance based on physical laws tells us that when material inputs are used unintended outputs are unavoidable. The modelling of joint production must therefore reflect this. The production of the two types of outputs occurs simultaneously. It is the maximisation of intended outputs for given inputs that engineers are striving at to achieve. The production functions for intended and unintended outputs are linked through common use of inputs. However, separate functions for the two types of output can be estimated because the intended outputs are independent of the unintended ones and vice versa, facilitating calculating separate efficiency and productivity measures using non-parametric DEA methods.



中文翻译:

预期和非预期产出的绩效衡量和联合生产

生产预期的产出时产生意想不到的残留物是我们严重污染问题背后的关键因素。因此,对这种联合生产进行建模的方式对于我们了解和通过经验来改变经济活动以减少有害残留物至关重要。产生预期和非预期产出时的效率和生产率估计已成为重要的研究方向。该领域中最流行的模型基于两种类型的输出的易处理性以及Shephard引入的零连接。本文的目的是表明这些模型类型是建立在一些可疑的假设之上的。一种基于弗里施生产理论的替代模型,在不可避免的产出不可避免的情况下,引入了技术联合。基于物理定律的物料平衡告诉我们,当使用物料输入时,不可避免的输出是不可避免的。因此,联合生产的建模必须反映这一点。两种输出的产生同时发生。这是工程师正在努力实现的给定输入的预期输出的最大化。预期和非预期输出的生产功能通过常用输入来链接。但是,由于预期的输出独立于非预期的输出,因此可以估计出两种类型的输出的单独功能,反之亦然,

更新日期:2021-03-24
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