Improved environmental management is key to several of the sustainable development goals (SDGs). This paper focuses on the interaction between formalization of the Artisanal and Small-scale Mining (ASM) sector in Tanzania, and the regulation of negative environmental impacts. Key environmental impacts associated with ASM in Tanzania include: deforestation, use of mercury and cyanide in gold processing, dust and noise pollution, generalized water pollution, soil contamination, and failure to properly reclaim mining areas, and/or secure or fill-in mine shafts. Previous studies found that the Tanzanian regulatory framework was not well suited to the needs of the ASM sector, governance of ASM environmental issues was overly centralized, and environmental awareness amongst miners was low. Over the past five years, the Tanzanian government has reformed environmental regulations in the mining sector and has attempted to formalize ASM. It has also aligned some of its development targets to the SDGs. This paper describes current environmental regulations and policies, discusses actual and potential linkages to formalization initiatives, and assesses the capacities of different stakeholders to regulate and reduce environmental impacts, in the context of the SDGs.

改善环境管理是若干可持续发展目标（SDG）的关键。本文着眼于坦桑尼亚手工和小规模采矿（ASM）部门的正规化与负面环境影响的监管之间的相互作用。坦桑尼亚与ASM相关的主要环境影响包括：森林砍伐，金加工中使用汞和氰化物，粉尘和噪音污染，广义水污染，土壤污染以及无法适当开垦采矿区和/或固定或埋设地雷轴。先前的研究发现，坦桑尼亚的监​​管框架无法很好地满足ASM部门的需求，ASM环境问题的治理过于集中，矿工之间的环境意识也很低。在过去的五年中，坦桑尼亚政府对采矿业的环境法规进行了改革，并试图使ASM正式化。它还将其某些发展目标与可持续发展目标保持一致。本文描述了当前的环境法规和政策，讨论了与形式化倡议的实际和潜在联系，并在可持续发展目标的背景下评估了不同利益相关者调节和减少环境影响的能力。