Abstract

Plants pollination are conducted through various pollinators such as wind, animals, and insects. Recently, the necessity for artificial pollination is drawing attention as the proportion of natural pollinators involved is decreasing over the years. Likewise, the trade in pollen for artificial pollination is also increasing worldwide. Through these imported pollens, many unknown microorganisms can flow from foreign countries. Among them, spores of various fungi present in the particles of pollen can be dispersed throughout the orchard. Therefore, in this study, the composition of fungal communities in imported pollen was revealed, and potential ecological characteristics of the fungi were investigated in four types of imported pollen. Top 10 operational taxonomic unit (OTU) of fungi were ranked among the following groups: Alternaria sp., Cladosporium sp., and Didymella glomerata which belong to many pathogenic species. Through FUNGuild analysis, the proportion of OTUs, which is assumed to be potentially plant pathogens, was higher than 50%, except for apple pollen in 2018. Based on this study of fungal structure, this information can suggest the direction of the pollen quarantine process and contribute to fungal biology in pollen

摘要

植物授粉是通过风、动物和昆虫等各种传粉媒介进行的。近年来，随着自然授粉媒介的比例逐年下降，人工授粉的必要性引起了人们的关注。同样，用于人工授粉的花粉贸易也在全球范围内增加。通过这些进口的花粉，可以从国外流出许多未知的微生物。其中，存在于花粉颗粒中的各种真菌的孢子可散布在整个果园中。因此，本研究揭示了进口花粉中真菌群落的组成，并对四种进口花粉中真菌的潜在生态特征进行了调查。真菌的前 10 名操作分类单元 (OTU) 在以下组中排名：Alternaria sp.、Cladosporium sp. 和Didymella glomerata属于许多致病物种。通过 FUNGuild 分析，除 2018 年苹果花粉​​外，被假定为潜在植物病原体的 OTU 的比例高于 50%。 基于对真菌结构的研究，该信息可以提示花粉检疫过程的方向并为花粉中的真菌生物学做出贡献