To examine moderators of change during group-based intervention for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), multilevel models were used to assess trajectories of symptom clusters in male veterans receiving trauma focused Group Cognitive Behavioral Treatment (gCBT; N = 84) or non-trauma focused Group Present Centered Therapy (gPCT; N = 91; Sloan et al., 2018). Separate models were conducted for symptom clusters in each intervention, examining pre-treatment PTSD symptoms, pre-treatment depression severity, age, index trauma, and outcome expectancies as potential moderators. Unconditioned growth models for both gCBT and gPCT showed reductions in intrusions, avoidance, negative cognitions/mood, and arousal/reactivity (all p < .001). Distinct moderators of recovery emerged for each treatment. Reductions in avoidance during gCBT were strongest at high levels of pre-treatment PTSD symptoms (low PTSD: p = .964, d = .05; high PTSD: p < .001, d = 1.31) whereas positive outcome expectancies enhanced reductions in cognitions/mood (low Expectancy: p = .120, d = .50; high Expectancy: p < .001, d = 1.13). For gPCT, high levels of pre-treatment depression symptoms negatively impacted change in both intrusion (low depression: p < .001, d = .96; high depression: p = .376, d = .22) and arousal/reactivity (low depression: p < .001, d = .95; high depression: p = .092, d = .39) symptoms. Results support the importance of examining trajectories of change and their moderators for specific treatments, particularly when contrasting trauma focused and non-trauma focused treatments.

为了检查基于群体的创伤后应激障碍 (PTSD) 干预期间变化的调节因素，使用多层次模型来评估接受以创伤为重点的群体认知行为治疗 (gCBT；N = 84) 或非以创伤为重点的男性退伍军人的症状群轨迹以小组为中心的治疗（gPCT；N  = 91；Sloan 等人，2018 年）。对每个干预中的症状群进行了单独的模型，检查治疗前 PTSD 症状、治疗前抑郁严重程度、年龄、指数创伤和结果预期作为潜在的调节因素。gCBT 和 gPCT 的无条件增长模型显示入侵、回避、消极认知/情绪和唤醒/反应性减少（所有p < .001）。每种治疗都出现了不同的恢复调节剂。在治疗前 PTSD 症状水平较高时，gCBT 期间避免的减少最为明显（低 PTSD：p  = .964，d  = .05；高 PTSD：p  < .001，d  = 1.31），而积极的结果预期增强了认知的减少/mood（低期望值：p  = .120，d = .50；高期望值：p  < .001，d  = 1.13）。对于 gPCT，高水平的治疗前抑郁症状对两种入侵的变化都有负面影响（低抑郁：p  < .001，d  = .96；高抑郁：p  = .376，d = .22）和唤醒/反应性（低抑郁：p  < .001，d  = .95；高抑郁：p  = .092，d  = .39）症状。结果支持检查变化轨迹及其调节因素对特定治疗的重要性，特别是在对比以创伤为重点和非以创伤为重点的治疗时。