Peru struggles to upgrade its waste management, with landfilling only just overtaking open dumpsters as the main disposal method. Despite the benefits of this transition, including reduced environmental impacts to water and soil, previous studies demonstrated that greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions may increase if adequate levels of technological sophistication are not implemented. Considering that 58% of municipal solid waste (MSW) is organic, it seems plausible that a relevant portion of emissions can be linked directly to food loss and waste (FLW) management. This study aims to determine the GHG emissions mitigation potential in FLW compared to the current baseline scenario in 24 Peruvian cities, by modelling alternative technologies to treat organic MSW. Life cycle modelling was performed using the waste-LCA software EASETECH. Five treatment scenarios were modelled: i) open dumping; ii) landfilling with no gas treatment; iii) landfilling with landfill gas treatment; iv) landfilling with energy recovery; and, v) anaerobic digestion. GHG emissions of FLW generation proved to be substantially higher than those for FLW treatment. However, if sophisticated technologies are implemented in FLW treatment, an annual reduction of up to 1.56 Mt CO₂eq could be attained. Moreover, despite the health and environmental benefits of a transition to optimized diets, in which, for example, meat consumption is reduced and vegetables are boosted, an important increase in FLW and, therefore, an increase in GHG emissions in the treatment phase is shown. However, if certain technologies, such as energy recovery or anaerobic digestion, were implemented, most carbon losses would be avoided.

秘鲁努力提高废物管理水平，仅将填埋场赶超露天垃圾场作为主要处置方法。尽管这种过渡带来了好处，包括减少了对水和土壤的环境影响，但先前的研究表明，如果不采取适当的技术水平，温室气体（GHG）的排放可能会增加。考虑到58％的城市固体废物（MSW）是有机的，因此将排放的相关部分直接与食物损失和废物（FLW）管理联系起来似乎是合理的。这项研究旨在通过模拟替代技术来处理有机城市生活垃圾，确定与24个秘鲁城市的当前基准情景相比，粮食损失与浪费中减少温室气体排放的潜力。使用废LCA软件EASETECH进行了生命周期建模。对五个处理方案进行了建模：i）露天倾倒；ii）没有进行气体处理的垃圾填埋场；iii）用填埋气处理填埋；iv）填埋进行能量回收；v）厌氧消化。事实证明，粮食损失与浪费产生的温室气体排放量大大高于粮食损失与浪费处理所产生的温室气体排放量。但是，如果在FLW处理中采用先进的技术，则每年最多可减少1.56 Mt CO可以达到₂ eq。此外，尽管过渡到优化饮食对健康和环境有好处，例如减少肉食和增加蔬菜摄入量，但粮食损失与浪费量显着增加，因此，治疗阶段的温室气体排放量增加。但是，如果实施某些技术（例如能量回收或厌氧消化），则可以避免大多数碳损失。