Objective In response to the rapidly unfolding coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic in spring 2020, we developed a caregiver-report measure to understand the extent to which children and families were exposed to events related to COVID-19 and their perceptions of its impact. This article reports on the factor structure and psychometric properties of this measure. Methods The COVID-19 Exposure and Family Impact Scales (CEFIS) were developed by a multidisciplinary, multi-institutional team using a rapid iterative process. Data from 1805 caregivers recruited from 28 programs at 15 institutions across the United States were collected from May—September 2020. We examined the underlying structure of the CEFIS using exploratory factor analyses and its internal consistency (Cronbach’s alpha). Results Participants reported a range of COVID-19-related events (M = 8.71 events of 25). On the bidirectional 4-point impact scale, mean scores were mostly above the midpoint, indicating a slightly negative impact. Cronbach’s alpha was excellent for Exposure (α = .80) and Impact (α = .92). Factor analysis identified six factors for Exposure (COVID-19 experiences, Access to essentials, Disruptions to living conditions, Loss of income, Family caregiving and activities, and Designation as an essential worker). There were three factors for Impact (Personal well-being, Family interactions, and Distress). Discussion The CEFIS has strong factors assessing Exposure to events related to COVID-19, and the Impact of these events on families of children in pediatric healthcare. These initial validation data support use of the CEFIS for measuring the effect of the pandemic.

中文翻译：

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COVID-19 暴露和家庭影响量表：因素结构和初始心理测量

目标 为应对 2020 年春季迅速蔓延的 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 大流行，我们制定了一项看护人报告措施，以了解儿童和家庭接触到与 COVID-19 相关事件的程度及其对其的看法影响。本文报告了该测量的因子结构和心理测量特性。方法 COVID-19 暴露和家庭影响量表 (CEFIS) 由一个多学科、多机构的团队使用快速迭代过程开发。从 2020 年 5 月至 2020 年 9 月，收集了来自美国 15 个机构的 28 个项目的 1805 名护理人员的数据。我们使用探索性因素分析及其内部一致性（Cronbach's alpha）检查了 CEFIS 的基本结构。结果 参与者报告了一系列与 COVID-19 相关的事件（M = 8.71 个事件，共 25 个）。在双向 4 点影响量表上，平均分数大多高于中点，表明有轻微的负面影响。Cronbach 的 alpha 在曝光 (α = .80) 和影响 (α = .92) 方面表现出色。因素分析确定了暴露的六个因素（COVID-19 经历、获得必需品、生活条件中断、收入损失、家庭护理和活动，以及被指定为基本工作人员）。影响的三个因素（个人幸福感、家庭互动和痛苦）。讨论 CEFIS 有很强的因素来评估与 COVID-19 相关的事件的暴露情况，以及这些事件对儿科医疗保健中儿童家庭的影响。