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Phylogenetic relationships in Brachyotum and allies (Melastomataceae, Melastomateae): a reassessment of the limits of the genera
Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society ( IF 2.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-21 , DOI: 10.1093/botlinnean/boab014
Fabrício Schmitz Meyer 1 , Marcelo Reginato 2 , Eric Camargo Smidt 3 , Jesús Ricardo De Santiago Gómez 4 , Fabián A Michelangeli 5 , Renato Goldenberg 3
Affiliation  

In the past decade, several phylogenetic studies based on molecular data have been generated and changed our view on the evolutionary history and classification of Melastomataceae. Nonetheless, given the size of the family, some groups are still under-sampled and poorly understood, such as the clade formed by Brachyotum and allies in Melastomateae, including three genera, Andesanthus, Brachyotum and Chaetogastra. The principal objective of this work was to further test the relationships in this clade by increasing taxon and locus sampling and by including morphological character reconstructions. In this study, we included nuclear (nrITS, nrETS and waxy) and plastid sequences (accD-psaI, psbK-psbL, trnS-trnG) from 129 species and 29 genera of Melastomataceae, corresponding to c. 46.5% of the species belonging to the clade, and that were used to build phylogenetic hypotheses. We also estimated the evolution of 23 morphological characters through ancestral state reconstruction and the elevational ranges of the species. Our results recovered two major clades: (1) Brachyotum, with species traditionally recognized in Brachyotum, but also including a few species traditionally recognized in Tibouchina; and (2) Chaetogastra, with most species traditionally recognized in Tibouchina, mainly from Tibouchina sections Pseudopterolepis, Diotanthera, Simplicicaules and Purpurella. Andesanthus was placed as sister to Brachyotum and allies in previous phylogenetic analyses; however, in this study it has been recovered as sister to the clades formed by Heterocentron and allies, Monochaetum and allies, and Brachyotum and allies. Four morphological characters can be useful to distinguish genera and clades among Brachyotum and allies: habit; flower position; the angle formed by the petals in relation to the hypanthium; and stamen arrangement. We also find that species in the Brachyotum clade occur at higher elevations (1500–4700 m) than Chaetogastra spp. (sea level to c. 3200 m, but more common at lower elevations, c. 600 to 1800 m). Based on all this evidence we propose the maintenance of Brachyotum as a genus segregated from the recently reinstated Chaetogastra. This work is a contribution to the systematics of Melastomateae, with an improvement in the resolution of the trees in relation to previous phylogenetic analyses, indicating that subclades have a strong relationship with geographical distribution.

中文翻译:

Brachyotum 及其同属(Melastomataceae,Melastomateae)的系统发育关系:重新评估属的限制

在过去的十年中,已经产生了几项基于分子数据的系统发育研究,并改变了我们对 Melastomataceae 进化历史和分类的看法。尽管如此,鉴于该科的规模,一些群体的样本仍然不足且了解甚少,例如由 Brachyotum 和 Melastomamateae 的盟友形成的进化枝,包括三个属 Andesanthus、Brachyotum 和 Chaetogastra。这项工作的主要目的是通过增加分类单元和基因座采样以及包括形态特征重建来进一步测试该进化枝中的关系。在这项研究中,我们包括了来自 129 种和 29 属的 Melastomataceae 的核(nrITS、nrETS 和蜡质)和质体序列(accD-psaI、psbK-psbL、trnS-trnG),对应于 c。46.5% 的物种属于进化枝,并用于建立系统发育假设。我们还通过祖先状态重建和物种的海拔范围估计了 23 个形态特征的进化。我们的结果恢复了两个主要进化枝:(1) Brachyotum,传统上在 Brachyotum 中识别的物种,但也包括在 Tibouchina 中传统上识别的一些物种;(2) Chaetogastra,大多数传统上在Tibouchina 被识别的物种,主要来自Tibouchina 部分Pseudopterolepis、Diotanthera、Simplicicaules 和Purpurella。在之前的系统发育分析中,Andesanthus 被列为 Brachyotum 及其同盟的姐妹;然而,在这项研究中,它已被恢复为由 Heterocentron 及其同盟、Monochaetum 及其同盟、以及 Brachyotum 及其同盟形成的进化枝的姐妹。四个形态特征可用于区分 Brachyotum 和盟友之间的属和进化枝:习性;花位;花瓣相对于托杯形成的角度;和雄蕊排列。我们还发现 Brachyotum 进化枝中的物种发生在比 Chaetogastra spp 更高的海拔(1500-4700 m)。(海平面至 c. 3200 m,但在低海拔地区更常见,c. 600 至 1800 m)。基于所有这些证据,我们建议将 Brachyotum 维持为与最近恢复的 Chaetogastra 分离的属。这项工作是对 Melastomateae 系统学的贡献,与以前的系统发育分析相比,树木的分辨率有所提高,表明子进化枝与地理分布有很强的关系。花位;花瓣相对于托杯形成的角度;和雄蕊排列。我们还发现 Brachyotum 进化枝中的物种发生在比 Chaetogastra spp 更高的海拔(1500-4700 m)。(海平面至 c. 3200 m,但在低海拔地区更常见,c. 600 至 1800 m)。基于所有这些证据,我们建议将 Brachyotum 维持为与最近恢复的 Chaetogastra 分离的属。这项工作是对 Melastomateae 系统学的贡献,与以前的系统发育分析相比,树木的分辨率有所提高,表明子进化枝与地理分布有很强的关系。花位;花瓣相对于托杯形成的角度;和雄蕊排列。我们还发现 Brachyotum 进化枝中的物种发生在比 Chaetogastra spp 更高的海拔(1500-4700 m)。(海平面至 c. 3200 m,但在低海拔地区更常见,c. 600 至 1800 m)。基于所有这些证据,我们建议将 Brachyotum 维持为与最近恢复的 Chaetogastra 分离的属。这项工作是对 Melastomateae 系统学的贡献,与以前的系统发育分析相比,树木的分辨率有所提高,表明子进化枝与地理分布有很强的关系。我们还发现 Brachyotum 进化枝中的物种发生在比 Chaetogastra spp 更高的海拔(1500-4700 m)。(海平面至 c. 3200 m,但在低海拔地区更常见,c. 600 至 1800 m)。基于所有这些证据,我们建议将 Brachyotum 维持为与最近恢复的 Chaetogastra 分离的属。这项工作是对 Melastomateae 系统学的贡献,与以前的系统发育分析相比,树木的分辨率有所提高,表明子进化枝与地理分布有很强的关系。我们还发现 Brachyotum 进化枝中的物种发生在比 Chaetogastra spp 更高的海拔(1500-4700 m)。(海平面至 c. 3200 m,但在低海拔地区更常见,c. 600 至 1800 m)。基于所有这些证据,我们建议将 Brachyotum 维持为与最近恢复的 Chaetogastra 分离的属。这项工作是对 Melastomateae 系统学的贡献,与以前的系统发育分析相比,树木的分辨率有所提高,表明子进化枝与地理分布有很强的关系。
更新日期:2021-01-21
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