Nurses may experience frequent nightmares due to stressful work environments. Nightmares may also exacerbate stress among nurses, although this has yet to be tested empirically. We examined daily bidirectional associations between stress severity and nightmares, and moderation by post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. 392 nurses (92% female; 78% White) completed 14 days of sleep diaries to assess previous-day stress severity and nightmare occurrence and severity. PTSD symptoms were assessed at baseline. Multilevel models were used to examine bidirectional, within-person associations between daily stress and nightmares, and cross-level moderation by baseline PTSD symptoms. 47.2% of nurses reported at least one nightmare across the two weeks. Days with greater stress were associated with higher odds of experiencing a nightmare (OR = 1.22, p = 0.001), as well as greater nightmare severity (b = 0.09, p = 0.033). Nightmare occurrence was associated with greater next-day stress severity (b = 0.15, p < 0.001). Daily stress and nightmare associations were similar for those with and without PTSD symptoms. Nightmares and stress may occur in a bidirectional fashion. Nurses face intense occupational demands and frequent exposure to potentially traumatic events. Studies should explore whether targeting nightmares and stress may improve nurses' health and well-being.

中文翻译：

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善有善报：护士的噩梦和日常压力是双向相关的

由于工作环境压力大，护士可能会经常做噩梦。噩梦也可能会加剧护士的压力，尽管这还有待实证检验。我们每天检查压力严重程度和噩梦之间的双向关联，以及创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状的缓解。392 名护士（92% 为女性；78% 为白人）完成了 14 天的睡眠日记，以评估前一天的压力严重程度以及噩梦的发生和严重程度。在基线时评估 PTSD 症状。使用多层次模型来检查日常压力和噩梦之间的双向、人内关联，以及通过基线 PTSD 症状进行跨层次调节。47.2% 的护士表示在两周内至少做过一场噩梦。压力较大的日子与经历噩梦的几率较高（OR = 1.22， p  = 0.001）以及噩梦的严重程度相关（ b  = 0.09，p  = 0.033）。噩梦的发生与第二天更大的压力严重程度相关（b = 0.15，p < 0.001）。对于有或没有 PTSD 症状的人来说，日常压力和噩梦的关联是相似的。噩梦和压力可能以双向方式发生。护士面临着强烈的职业要求和经常接触潜在的创伤事件。研究应该探讨针对噩梦和压力是否可以改善护士的健康和福祉。