Agroforestry Systems ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10457-021-00614-w Salah M. Alagele , Shibu Jose , Stephen H. Anderson , Ranjith P. Udawatta
Soil water is an essential factor in soil–water–plant studies and larger-scale hydrological investigations. It is considered more critical than other factors that limit plant growth and also affects many fundamental biophysical processes. New strategies are needed to overcome drought and to maintain environmental sustainability. Hydraulic lift (HL) or hydraulic redistribution (HR) processes are one of these strategies found in soil–plant systems, but their effects on crop production and the environment have not been well documented. This article reviews (1) the process of HL, (2) methods showing evidence of HL using soil water potential (Ψs) and sap flow techniques, (3) hydraulically-lifting plants, and (4) practical implications for society. The HL is whereby soil water may be transported upward by deep roots of trees and grasses from the moist region (subsurface) to dry region (surface) at night. Thus, HL provides water to areas planted to shallow rooted plants at the upper soil layers. The HL of water by roots from wet to dry soil layers is a potential approach for better use of water resources for crop/grass growth. Also, increases in soil water by HL improve root growth and function which include soil carbon decomposition or nutrient mineralization rates, and this can probably be associated in nutrient cycling. Another benefit is that mycorrhizal fungi play a relevant role in HL and in the redistribution of this water among plants. Thus, HL provides many soil, agricultural, and environmental benefits.
中文翻译:
液压举升:对社会的过程,方法和实践意义
土壤水是土壤-水-植物研究和大规模水文研究的重要因素。它被认为比限制植物生长并影响许多基本生物物理过程的其他因素更为关键。需要采取新的战略来克服干旱并保持环境的可持续性。水力提升(HL)或水力再分配(HR)过程是在土壤-植物系统中发现的这些策略之一,但尚未充分证明它们对作物生产和环境的影响。本文回顾(1)HL的过程,(2)使用土壤水势(ss)和树液流动技术显示HL的方法,(3)水力提升植物,以及(4)对社会的实际意义。HL是夜间树木和草根从潮湿地区(地下)向干燥地区(地面)向上运输的土壤水分。因此,HL向上部土壤层的浅根植物种植区域提供水。从湿土壤层到干燥土壤层的根系产生的水的HL值是一种更好地利用水资源促进作物/草生长的潜在方法。同样,通过HL增加土壤水分可改善根系生长和功能,包括土壤碳分解或养分矿化速率,这可能与养分循环有关。另一个好处是,菌根真菌在HL和这种水在植物之间的重新分配中起着重要的作用。因此,HL提供了许多土壤,农业和环境效益。HL向上部土壤层的浅根植物种植区域提供水。从湿土壤层到干燥土壤层的根系产生的水的HL值是一种更好地利用水资源促进作物/草生长的潜在方法。同样,通过HL增加土壤水分可改善根系生长和功能,包括土壤碳分解或养分矿化速率,这可能与养分循环有关。另一个好处是,菌根真菌在HL和这种水在植物之间的重新分配中起着重要的作用。因此,HL提供了许多土壤,农业和环境效益。HL向上部土壤层的浅根植物种植区域提供水。从湿土壤层到干燥土壤层的根系产生的水的HL值是一种更好地利用水资源促进作物/草生长的潜在方法。同样,通过HL增加土壤水分可改善根系生长和功能,包括土壤碳分解或养分矿化速率,这可能与养分循环有关。另一个好处是,菌根真菌在HL和这种水在植物之间的重新分配中起着重要的作用。因此,HL提供了许多土壤,农业和环境效益。HL增加土壤水分可改善根系生长和功能,包括土壤碳分解或养分矿化速率,这可能与养分循环有关。另一个好处是,菌根真菌在HL和这种水在植物之间的重新分配中起着重要的作用。因此,HL提供了许多土壤,农业和环境效益。HL增加土壤水分可改善根系生长和功能,包括土壤碳分解或养分矿化速率,这可能与养分循环有关。另一个好处是,菌根真菌在HL和植物体内这种水的重新分配中起着重要的作用。因此,HL提供了许多土壤,农业和环境效益。