Social media engagement is common among adolescents, yet not all adolescents use social media in the same ways or experience the same adjustment correlates. This study examined four social media behaviors (self-disclosure, self-presentation, lurking, and social monitoring) and two time-based measures of social media use (daily number of hours on social media and frequency of social media use) on three developmentally relevant adjustment correlates (internalizing problems, prosocial support, and online peer victimization). Self-report data were collected from 426 middle-school students (54.2% female, 73.6% Caucasian, 11.5% Black, 4.8% Hispanic, 10.1% other ethnicity, mean age = 12.91). The findings showed distinct adjustment patterns among the social media engagement indices, as well as sex and age differences. Neither the number of hours on social media nor social monitoring were associated with any adjustment correlates; however, the frequency of social media use was associated with positive adjustment (less internalizing problems and more prosocial support), primarily for older adolescents. Self-disclosure was positively associated with online peer victimization (girls only) and prosocial support. Self-presentation was associated with higher levels of internalizing problems and online peer victimization, as well as less prosocial support for younger adolescents and boys. Lurking was positively associated with internalizing problems. The findings suggest the need to consider specific types of social media engagement when creating prevention and intervention programs to address adolescent maladjustment.

社交媒体参与在青少年中很常见，但并非所有青少年都以相同的方式使用社交媒体或经历相同的调整相关。本研究调查了四种社交媒体行为（自我披露、自我展示、潜伏和社交监控）和两种基于时间的社交媒体使用衡量标准（社交媒体上的每日小时数和社交媒体使用频率）在三个发展阶段相关调整相关（内化问题、亲社会支持和在线同伴受害）。自我报告数据来自 426 名中学生（54.2% 女性，73.6% 白种人，11.5% 黑人，4.8% 西班牙裔，10.1% 其他种族，平均年龄 = 12.91）。调查结果显示，社交媒体参与指数之间存在明显的调整模式，以及性别和年龄差异。社交媒体上的小时数和社交监控都与任何调整相关性无关；然而，社交媒体的使用频率与积极调整（较少内化问题和更多亲社会支持）有关，主要是针对年龄较大的青少年。自我披露与在线同伴受害（仅限女孩）和亲社会支持呈正相关。自我表现与更高水平的内化问题和在线同伴受害以及对年轻青少年和男孩的亲社会支持较少有关。潜伏与内化问题呈正相关。研究结果表明，在制定预防和干预计划以解决青少年适应不良问题时，需要考虑特定类型的社交媒体参与。