Journal of Gambling Studies ( IF 3.396 ) Pub Date : 2021-03-20 , DOI: 10.1007/s10899-021-10020-7 Mohammadreza Davoudi 1 , Sheida Shirvani 2 , Aliakbar Foroughi 3 , Fereshteh Rajaeiramsheh 1
The exponential increase in Internet use has been associated with dangers and harms. Recently, the prevalence of online gambling is increasing in various countries. Online gambling can be a prelude to gambling disorder. No study has been conducted in this field in Iran yet. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of online gambling (without disorder and pathological), and its relationship with demographic variables and psychiatric symptoms. 3252 people participated in this study online. Research tools included gambling disorder screening questionnaire-Persian (GDSQ-P), brief symptom inventory (BSI), Young's addiction questionnaire, and Demographic questionnaire. The prevalence of online gambling was 8.9%. 26.6% of online gamblers experience moderate to severe degrees of pathological gambling. 74.7% of online gamblers were male. Online gamblers have a lower mean age than non-online gamblers (p < 0.001). Online gamblers were equally from all economic classes. The most common methods of gambling were CRASH game and sports betting. Online gamblers had no significant difference in the rate of face-to-face (physical) gambling history, compared to non-online gamblers (6.9% vs 5.6%), (p > 0.05). In BSI-assessed psychiatric symptoms, online gamblers showed higher scores on anxiety and obsession, and lower scores on paranoid ideation, compared to the control group (p < 0.05). Also, Internet addiction and daily use of the Internet as entertainment were significantly higher in online gamblers than non-online gamblers (p < 0.05). Also, a positive and significant correlation was found between the severity of gambling and the severity of Internet addiction, severity of depression, severity of anxiety, and severity of obsession in online gamblers (p < 0.05). Overall, online gambling is common in Iran and is associated with psychiatric problems. Health professionals and the government should pay special attention to online gambling and its related problems.
中文翻译:
伊朗社交媒体用户的在线赌博:流行率、相关变量和精神病学相关性
互联网使用的指数增长与危险和危害有关。最近,在线赌博的流行在各个国家都在增加。在线赌博可能是赌博障碍的前奏。伊朗尚未在该领域进行过研究。本研究的目的是调查在线赌博的流行(无紊乱和病理),及其与人口统计变量和精神症状的关系。3252 人在线参与了这项研究。研究工具包括赌博障碍筛查问卷-波斯语 (GDSQ-P)、简要症状清单 (BSI)、杨氏成瘾问卷和人口统计问卷。在线赌博的流行率为 8.9%。26.6% 的在线赌徒经历过中度至重度的病态赌博。74.7%的在线赌徒是男性。p < 0.001)。在线赌徒同样来自所有经济阶层。最常见的赌博方式是 CRASH 游戏和体育博彩。与非网络赌徒相比,网络赌徒的面对面(身体)赌博历史率无显着差异(6.9% vs 5.6%),(p >0.05)。在 BSI 评估的精神症状中,与对照组相比,在线赌徒在焦虑和强迫观念方面的得分较高,而在偏执观念方面的得分较低(p < 0.05)。此外,网络赌徒的网络成瘾和日常使用互联网作为娱乐的比例显着高于非网络赌徒(p< 0.05)。此外,赌博的严重程度与网络成瘾的严重程度、抑郁的严重程度、焦虑的严重程度和网络赌徒的强迫严重程度之间存在显着正相关(p < 0.05)。总体而言,在线赌博在伊朗很常见,并且与精神问题有关。卫生专业人员和政府应特别注意在线赌博及其相关问题。