This study analyzed the tool vibration (Vib) and surface roughness (Ra) during turning of AISI 4340 (34CrNiMo6) tempered steel samples using Taguchi Method. In this context, Taguchi design L₁₈ (2¹ × 3²) was used to analyze the experimental results. The vibration amplitude values from cutting tools were recorded for different machining parameters, control factors; two different sample hardness (46 and 53 HRc), three different cutting speeds (180, 220, 260 m.min⁻¹), and feed rates (0.08, 0.14, 0.20 mm.rev⁻¹) were selected. The machining parameters giving optimum Vib and Ra values were determined. Regression analysis is applied to predict values of Vib and Ra. Analysis of variance was used to determine the effects of machining parameters on the Vib and Ra values. The most important machining parameters were found to be the feed rate, sample hardness, and cutting speed for Vib and Ra, respectively. The lowest Vib and Ra values were obtained in 46 HRc sample as 0.0022 gRMS and 0.255 µm, respectively. The surface quality can be improved by reducing the sources of vibration by using appropriate machining parameters. As a result, there is a significant relationship between Ra and Vib. The lower Ra values were found during turning process of tempered steel samples according to the literature studies. It is suggested that the process can be preferred as an alternative process to grinding process due to lower cost and machining time. In application of the turning of experiment samples by ceramic cutting tool, a substantial technological and economical benefit has been observed.

这项研究使用Taguchi方法分析了AISI 4340（34CrNiMo6）回火钢样品车削过程中的刀具振动（Vib）和表面粗糙度（Ra）。在这种情况下，田口设计L ₁₈（2 ¹ ×3 ²）被用来分析实验结果。记录切削刀具的振动振幅值，以用于不同的加工参数和控制因素；两种不同的样品硬度（46和53 HRc），三种不同的切割速度（180、220、260 m.min ^-1）和进给速度（0.08、0.14、0.20 mm.rev ^-1）被选中。确定给出最佳Vib和Ra值的加工参数。回归分析用于预测Vib和Ra的值。方差分析用于确定加工参数对Vib和Ra值的影响。发现最重要的加工参数分别是Vib和Ra的进给速度，样品硬度和切削速度。在46个HRc样品中，最低的Vib和Ra值分别为0.0022 gRMS和0.255 µm。通过使用适当的加工参数减少振动源，可以提高表面质量。结果，Ra和Vib之间存在显着的关系。根据文献研究，在回火钢样品的车削过程中发现较低的Ra值。由于可以降低成本和缩短加工时间，因此建议该方法可作为研磨方法的替代方法。在通过陶瓷切削工具对实验样品进行车削的应用中，已经观察到了实质性的技术和经济利益。