ABSTRACT

Indigenous feminist scholars have documented the extent and impact of heteropatriarchy, capitalism, and white supremacy on Indigenous communities. Settler colonial forces targeted women and two-spirit/queer people. This article applies a two-spirit/queer (2SQ) lens to re-engage with land-based practices at one restoration project in Hawaiʻi. This article illuminates how working to restore loʻi kalo (wetland taro farming) – work often considered to be ‘men's’ kuleana (responsibility) – can cultivate mana wahine (feminine spiritual power) and to reflect on how heteronormative gender binaries are learned impositions that have become sedimented in various ways at the loʻi, specifically in the form of gendered divisions of labour. Two moʻolelo (stories) are presented to juxtapose at least two very different approaches and values operating simultaneously in this place. A two spirit/queer analysis of gender at the loʻi in introduces a notion of mana wahine that does not rely upon the gender binary and thus helps me/us envision ʻŌiwi feminist futures that bring about material and metaphorical decolonisation, liberation, and justice. And in very practical ways, this analysis is intended to help the author, a mother of cis-gender (possibly) heterosexual children to express their genders and sexualities in culturally relevant, mana-full ways.

摘要

土著女权主义学者记录了异族父权制，资本主义和白人至上主义对土著社区的范围和影响。定居者殖民部队的目标是妇女和有两个精神/同志的人。本文采用了一种两精神/酷儿（2SQ）镜头，以在夏威夷的一个修复项目中重新参与陆地实践。本文阐述了如何恢复湿地芋头种植法（湿地芋头种植）-通常被认为是“男人的”库兰娜（责任制）-可以培养法力哇音（女性精神力量），并思考如何从异性规范的性别二元学习中获得强制性会以多种方式沉淀在临时工地上，特别是以性别分工的形式。提出了两个“故事”，以使至少两个非常不同的方法和价值在该地点同时运行并置。在lo'i中对性别的两种精神/酷儿分析引入了“ mana wahine”的概念，该概念不依赖于性别二元性，因此有助于我/我们设想“ iwi女权主义未来”，从而带来物质上的和隐喻性的非殖民化，解放和正义。并且以一种非常实际的方式，该分析旨在帮助作为顺式性别（可能是）异性恋儿童的母亲的作者以与文化相关的，充满魔力的方式表达其性别和性行为。在lo'i中对性别的两种精神/酷儿分析引入了“ mana wahine”的概念，该概念不依赖于性别二元性，因此有助于我/我们设想“ iwi女权主义未来”，从而带来物质上的和隐喻性的非殖民化，解放和正义。并且以一种非常实际的方式，该分析旨在帮助作为顺式性别（可能是）异性恋儿童的母亲的作者以与文化相关的，充满魔力的方式表达其性别和性行为。在lo'i中对性别的两种精神/酷儿分析引入了“ mana wahine”的概念，该概念不依赖于性别二元性，因此有助于我/我们设想“ iwi女权主义未来”，从而带来物质上的和隐喻性的非殖民化，解放和正义。并且以一种非常实际的方式，该分析旨在帮助作为顺式性别（可能是）异性恋儿童的母亲的作者以与文化相关的，充满魔力的方式表达其性别和性行为。