Objectives

Acquired brain injury (ABI) can lead to the emergence of several disabilities and is commonly associated with high rates of anxiety and depression symptoms. Self-related constructs, such as self-esteem and self-compassion, might play a key role in this distressing symptomatology. Low explicit (i.e., deliberate) self-esteem is associated with anxiety and depression after ABI. However, implicit (i.e., automatic) self-esteem, explicit-implicit self-discrepancies, and self-compassion could also significantly contribute to this symptomatology. The purpose of the present study was to examine whether implicit self-esteem, explicit-implicit self-discrepancy (size and direction), and self-compassion are related to anxious and depressive symptoms after ABI in adults, beyond the contribution of explicit self-esteem.

Methods

The sample consisted 38 individuals with ABI who were enrolled in a long-term rehabilitation program. All participants completed the measures of explicit self-esteem, implicit self-esteem, self-compassion, anxiety, and depression. Pearson’s correlations and hierarchical regression models were calculated.

Results

Findings showed that both self-compassion and implicit self-esteem negatively accounted for unique variance in anxiety and depression when controlling for explicit self-esteem. Neither the size nor direction of explicit-implicit self-discrepancy was significantly associated with anxious or depressive symptomatology.

Conclusions

The findings suggest that the consideration of self-compassion and implicit self-esteem, in addition to explicit self-esteem, contributes to understanding anxiety and depression following ABI.

中文翻译：

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探索显性和内隐自尊和同情心在后天性脑损伤后焦虑和抑郁症状中的作用

目标

获得性脑损伤（ABI）可能导致多种残疾的出现，通常与焦虑和抑郁症状的高发率相关。与自我相关的构造，例如自尊和自我同情心，可能在这种令人困扰的症状学中起关键作用。较低的显式（即故意）自尊与ABI后的焦虑和抑郁相关。然而，内隐的（即自动的）自尊，外显的内隐的自相矛盾和自我同情也可能对这种症状有重要贡献。本研究的目的是检验成人ABI后的内隐自尊，外显-内隐自我差异（大小和方向）和自我同情是否与焦虑和抑郁症状有关，除了显性自我尊重。

方法

样本包括38位ABI患者，他们参加了长期康复计划。所有参与者都完成了显式自尊，内隐式自尊，自我同情，焦虑和沮丧的测量。计算了Pearson的相关性和层次回归模型。

结果

研究结果表明，当控制显性自尊时，自我同情和内隐自尊都会对焦虑和抑郁的独特差异产生负面影响。内隐或自我暗示的大小和方向均与焦虑或抑郁症状无显着相关。

结论

研究结果表明，除了明确的自尊外，对自我同情和内隐自尊的考虑还有助于理解ABI后的焦虑和抑郁。