Since their publication in the 1950s and 1980s respectively, the Commentaries on the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and their Additional Protocols of 1977 have become a major reference for the application and interpretation of those treaties. The International Committee of the Red Cross, together with a team of renowned experts, is currently updating these Commentaries in order to document developments and provide up-to-date interpretations of the treaty texts. This article highlights key points of interest covered in the updated Commentary on the Third Geneva Convention. It explains the fundamentals of the Convention: the historical background, the personal scope of application of the Convention and the fundamental protections that apply to all prisoners of war (PoWs). It then looks at the timing under which certain obligations are triggered, those prior to holding PoWs, those triggered by the taking of PoWs and during their captivity, and those at the end of a PoW's captivity. Finally, the article summarizes key substantive protections provided in the Third Convention.

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红十字国际委员会关于日内瓦第三公约的最新评论：二十一世纪保护战俘的新工具

自 1950 年代和 1980 年代分别出版以来，1949 年日内瓦公约及其 1977 年附加议定书的评注已成为这些条约适用和解释的主要参考。红十字国际委员会与知名专家团队目前正在更新这些评注，以记录事态发展并提供对条约文本的最新解释。本文重点介绍了更新的《日内瓦第三公约评注》中涵盖的关键点。它解释了公约的基本原理：历史背景、公约的个人适用范围以及适用于所有战俘 (PoW) 的基本保护。然后研究触发某些义务的时间，那些在持有 PoW 之前的那些，那些在 PoW 被俘虏期间触发的那些，以及那些在 PoW 被俘虏结束时的那些。最后，本文总结了第三公约提供的关键实质性保护。