Soil respiration (R_s) is the largest flux of carbon dioxide (CO₂) next to photosynthesis in terrestrial ecosystems. With the absorption of atmospheric methane (CH₄), upland soils become a large CO₂ source and CH₄ sink. These soil carbon (C) fluxes are key factors in the mitigation and adaption of future climate change. The Asian region spans an extensive area from the northern boreal to tropical regions in Southeast Asia. As this region is characterised by highly diverse ecosystems, it is expected to experience the strong impact of ecosystem responses to global climate change. For the past two decades, researchers in the AsiaFlux community have meaningfully contributed to improve the current understanding of soil C dynamics, response of soil C fluxes to disturbances and climate change, and regional and global estimation based on model analysis. This review focuses on five important aspects: 1) the historical methodology for soil C flux measurement; 2) responses of soil C flux components to environmental factors; 3) soil C fluxes in typical ecosystems in Asia; 4) the influence of disturbance and climate change on soil C fluxes; and 5) model analysis and the estimation of soil C fluxes in research largely focused in Asia.

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亚洲地区土壤碳通量研究：回顾与未来展望

土壤呼吸（R _s）是陆地生态系统中仅次于光合作用的最大二氧化碳（CO ₂）通量。随着大气中甲烷（CH ₄）的吸收，旱地土壤成为CO _2的主要来源，而CH ₄成为主要来源。下沉。这些土壤碳（C）通量是缓解和适应未来气候变化的关键因素。亚洲地区从北部的北方到热带地区跨越了广阔的区域。由于该地区具有高度多样化的生态系统，因此预计将经历生态系统对全球气候变化的强烈影响。在过去的二十年中，AsiaFlux社区的研究人员为增进对土壤C动力学的当前理解，土壤C的通量对干扰和气候变化的响应以及基于模型分析的区域和全球估算做出了有意义的贡献。这篇综述着重于五个重要方面：1）土壤碳通量测量的历史方法；2）土壤碳通量成分对环境因子的响应；3）亚洲典型生态系统中的土壤碳通量；4）扰动和气候变化对土壤碳通量的影响；5）在亚洲地区，研究的模型分析和土壤碳通量的估算主要集中在亚洲。