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Contribution of the Rhododendron ripense Makino Chloroplast Genome to the Development of Evergreen Azalea Cultivars
Horticulture Journal ( IF 1.2 ) Pub Date : 2021-04-22 , DOI: 10.2503/hortj.utd-251
Nobuo Kobayashi 1 , Akira Nakatsuka 1 , Hideya Ohta 1 , Yuji Kurashige 2 , Takashi Handa 3 , Valentina Scariot 4 , Matteo Caser 4 , Sonia Demasi 4 , Jan De Riek 5 , Ellen De Keyser 5 , Johan Van Huylenbroeck 5
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Evergreen azalea is one of the most important ornamental shrubs and pot plants in temperate zones worldwide. In Japan, hundreds of azalea cultivars have been bred based on the genetic diversity of wild species and various accumulated mutants since the middle of the 17th century. Japanese cultivar groups such as Edo-kirishima, Kurume-tsutsuji, Ryūkyū-tsutsuji, Hirado-tsutsuji, and Satsuki have been developed by selection and crossing, and many cultivars have been exported to Western countries and utilized as breeding materials for pot and garden azalea. Rhododendron ripense Makino, which grows on riverside rocks and is endemic to Japan, is one of the best ornamental species because of its high adaptability to environmental conditions. We have focused on the genetic contribution of this wild species to evergreen azalea cultivars, and developed a PCR-RFLP identification marker of R. ripense cpDNA based on a species-specific sequence of the trn L-F region. The R. ripense cpDNA specific marker has been in Japanese large-flowered groups, all Ryūkyū and Ōkirishima cultivars, and half of all Hirado cultivars have the R. ripense cpDNA type. Most Japanese small flower cultivars, such as Edo-kirishima, Kurume and Satsuki have non-R. ripense type cpDNA. Italian large-flowered cultivars also tend to be the R. ripense cpDNA type. Furthermore, all pot azalea cultivars of the Indian and Simsii groups possess R. ripense type cpDNA. These results clarified the cytoplasmic contribution of R. ripense not only to Japanese large flower cultivars, but also to Western azalea cultivars. Although R. simsii has been considered to be the main ancestral species of pot azalea, R. ripense should be recognized as the cytoplasmic parent of these cultivars. The ornamental value and adaptive environmental trait originating from R. ripense should be reviewed to elucidate the development history of evergreen azalea cultivars.



中文翻译:

杜鹃花Makino叶绿体基因组对常绿杜鹃花品种发展的贡献

长青杜鹃花是全球温带地区最重要的观赏灌木和盆栽植物之一。在日本,自17世纪中叶以来,已经基于野生物种的遗传多样性和各种积累的突变体繁殖了数百个杜鹃花品种。通过选种和杂交发展了江户麒麟岛,久留米tsu,琉球-,平户-,小月等日本品种,许多品种已出口到西方国家,并用作盆栽和花园杜鹃花的育种材料。 。杜鹃牧野生长在河边的岩石上,是日本特有的,由于其对环境条件的高度适应性,是最好的观赏树种之一。我们已经集中于该野生物种对常绿杜鹃花品种的遗传贡献,并基于trn LF区的物种特异性序列,开发了R. ripense cpDNA的PCR-RFLP识别标记。该R. ripense叶绿体特异性标志物一直是日本大花团,所有的琉球群岛和Ōkirishima品种,以及所有平户品种有一半的R. ripense叶绿体型。日本的大多数小花品种,例如江户切岛,久留米和小月都有非R. ripense输入cpDNA。意大利大花品种也倾向于R. ripense cpDNA类型。此外,印度和西姆西族的所有盆栽杜鹃花品种都具有R. ripense型cpDNA。这些结果阐明了R.ripense不仅对日本大花品种,而且对西方杜鹃花品种的细胞质贡献。尽管人们已经认为simsii R.是杜鹃花的主要祖先物种,但是R. ripense应该被认为是这些品种的细胞质亲本。应审查源自R. ripense的观赏价值和适应性环境特征,以阐明常绿杜鹃花品种的发展历史。

更新日期:2021-04-26
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