The article investigates how international public administrations, as corporate actors, influence policymaking within international organizations. Starting from a conception of international organizations as political-administrative systems, we theorize the strategies international bureaucrats may use to affect international organizations’ policies and the conditions under which these strategies vary. Building on a most-likely case design, we use process tracing to study two cases of bureaucratic influence: the influence of the secretariat of the World Health Organization on the “Global action plan for the prevention and control of noncommunicable diseases”; and the influence of the International Labour Office on the “Resolution concerning decent work in global supply chains”. We use interview material gathered from international public administration staff and stakeholders to illustrate varying influence strategies and the conditions under which these strategies are used. The study shows how and when international public administrations exert policy influence, and offers new opportunities to extend the generalizability of public administration theories.

Points for practitioners

International bureaucrats influence the outcomes of multilateral negotiations by means of their technical expertise and strategic involvement in the decision-making process. Their influence is primarily geared toward achieving organizational goals. However, the perception of too much influence can threaten the implementation of a decision. Political leadership needs to find the right balance between encouraging entrepreneurial behavior and providing sufficient political steering. Civil servants themselves need a well-functioning political radar to sense how far they can push with their ambitions.

中文翻译：

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国际官僚如何影响政策产出？研究国际组织中的行政影响力策略

本文研究了国际公共行政部门（作为公司行为者）如何影响国际组织内的政策制定。从国际组织作为政治行政系统的概念开始，我们对国际官僚可能用来影响国际组织的政策以及这些战略变化的条件的战略进行了理论化。在最有可能的案例设计的基础上，我们使用过程跟踪研究了两个官僚机构影响的案例：世界卫生组织秘书处对“预防和控制非传染性疾病全球行动计划”的影响；以及国际劳工局对“关于全球供应链中体面劳动的决议”的影响。我们使用从国际公共管理人员和利益相关者那里收集的访谈材料来说明各种影响策略以及使用这些策略的条件。该研究表明国际公共行政部门如何以及何时施加政策影响，并为扩展公共行政理论的可推广性提供了新的机会。

从业人员要点

国际官僚通过其技术专长和战略参与决策过程来影响多边谈判的结果。他们的影响力主要用于实现组织目标。但是，对影响力的感知可能会威胁到决策的执行。政治领导需要在鼓励企业家行为和提供足够的政治指导之间找到适当的平衡。公务员本身需要运转良好的政治雷达来感知他们可以实现其雄心壮志的程度。