On 21 March 2016 Trial Chamber iii of the International Criminal Court unanimously convicted the former Vice-President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo, on the basis of the doctrine of command responsibility for crimes against humanity and war crimes committed by troops under his command in the Central African Republic from 2002 to 2003. On 8 June 2018 however, the Appeals Chamber reversed the judgment and acquitted Bemba of all charges. The Appeals Chamber held that the Trial Chamber erred in finding that Bemba failed to take all necessary and reasonable measures to prevent and repress crimes committed by his subordinates as contemplated in Article 28(a)(ii) of the Rome Statute. This article evaluates the meaning of “all necessary and reasonable measures” in the context of command responsibility and considers whether Bemba met this threshold in order to avoid incurring criminal responsibility under Article 28(a)(ii).

2016年3月21日，审判分庭iii国际刑事法院一致裁定，对刚果民主共和国前副总统让·皮埃尔·本巴·甘博（Jean-Pierre Bemba Gombo）的定罪依据是对他所指挥的部队犯下的危害人类罪和战争罪负责的指挥原则中非共和国从2002年至2003年。然而，2018年6月8日，上诉分庭推翻了判决，并宣布本巴无罪释放。上诉分庭裁定，审判分庭犯了错，认为本巴没有按照《罗马规约》第二十八条第一款第二项的规定，采取一切必要和合理的措施预防和制止其下属犯下的罪行。