ABSTRACT

Early blight is a common challenge to tomato production all over the world. Microbial antagonists, unlike synthetic chemicals, are friendly to the environment and human health. In this study, five microbial antagonists were evaluated for their effectiveness in managing the early blight of tomatoes under greenhouse and field conditions. Microbial antagonists included two Trichoderma isolates, two Bacillus subtilis isolates and one Pseudomonas fluorescens isolate. Water and Tower 72 WP® were used as control and reference test, respectively. Data were collected on disease parameters and tomato yield. All treatments significantly reduced the per cent disease index compared to the control in the greenhouse and in the field. The per cent disease index recorded for Tower 72 WP® was comparable to the per cent disease index recorded for most selected antagonists. All treatments recorded significantly higher yields compared to the control in the greenhouse and in the field. Trichoderma isolates and Tower 72 WP® recorded the highest tomato yields in the greenhouse. Selected microbial antagonists were effective in managing early blight in tomato under greenhouse and field conditions and minimised yield losses caused by the disease. These should be integrated in the management of early blight of tomatoes to reduce the dependence on agrochemicals.

摘要

早疫病是全世界番茄生产面临的共同挑战。与合成化学品不同，微生物拮抗剂对环境和人类健康友好。在这项研究中，评估了五种微生物拮抗剂在温室和田间条件下控制番茄早疫病的有效性。微生物拮抗剂包括两种木霉属分离株、两种枯草芽孢杆菌分离株和一种荧光假单胞菌隔离。水和 Tower 72 WP® 分别用作对照和参考测试。收集了有关疾病参数和番茄产量的数据。与温室和大田中的对照相比，所有处理都显着降低了疾病指数百分比。Tower 72 WP® 记录的疾病百分比指数与大多数选定拮抗剂记录的疾病百分比指数相当。与温室和大田中的对照相比，所有处理都记录了显着更高的产量。木霉属分离株和 Tower 72 WP® 记录了温室中最高的番茄产量。选定的微生物拮抗剂可有效控制温室和田间条件下番茄的早疫病，并将该病害造成的产量损失降至最低。这些应纳入番茄早疫病的管理中，以减少对农用化学品的依赖。