Can young children such as 3-year-olds represent the world objectively? Some prominent developmental psychologists—such as Perner and Tomasello—assume so. I argue that this view is susceptible to a prima facie powerful objection: To represent objectively, one must be able to represent not only features of the entities represented but also features of objectification itself, which 3-year-olds cannot do yet. Drawing on Burge's work on perceptual constancy, I provide a response to this objection and motivate a distinction between three different kinds of objectivity. This distinction helps advance current research on both objectivity and teleological action explanations in young children.

中文翻译：

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幼儿的客观性、知觉恒常性和目的论

3岁这样的幼儿能否客观地代表这个世界？一些著名的发展心理学家——例如 Perner 和 Tomasello——是这么认为的。我认为这种观点很容易受到表面上强烈的反对：为了客观地表现，一个人不仅必须能够表现所表现实体的特征，而且还必须能够表现客观化本身的特征，而 3 岁的孩子还不能做到这一点。借鉴 Burge 关于感知恒常性的工作，我对这种反对意见做出了回应，并激发了三种不同类型的客观性之间的区别。这种区别有助于推进当前对幼儿的客观性和目的论行为解释的研究。