Illusion is a significant concept in philosophy, art history, literary theory and aesthetics. It has a concrete scientific basis in the perspective of modern cognitive neuroscience. Historically, it has been critically discussed by many philosophers, including Plato, Bacon, Descartes, Kant, and Nietzsche, who considered it to be a distortion of reality. Yet illusion is connected with so many basic aesthetic issues -- such as ambiguity, imagination, and imagery -- that it remains an indispensable concept in modern aesthetics. In the different art media communication of creators with appreciators involves illusory imagery. Its importance is emphasized by Ernst Gombrich in his Art and Illusion, one of the most influential art history texts in the English-speaking world. The concept of illusion becomes the crossing point of classical philosophy and contemporary aesthetics. In this article, the philosophical, psychological and aesthetic bases of illusion will be introduced. In different fields, illusion has different content, but depends on the same psychological mechanisms. The neural mechanisms that underpin aesthetic illusion in contemporary artistic production also function in the modern ideology described by Adorno, Eagleton, and Williams. Not all aesthetic illusions have positive functions, which sometimes leads to distorted cognition and emotional complexity. When it deviates too far from reality, aesthetic illusion contains particular cognitive emotional qualities that conflict with artistic imagery in classical arts. As a bearer of modern aesthetic emotion, it is also shaped by special economic and political situations and always has a kind of ideological character. Thus aesthetic illusion often promotes new configurations of aesthetics and art history.

幻觉是哲学，艺术史，文学理论和美学中的重要概念。从现代认知神经科学的角度来看，它具有具体的科学基础。从历史上看，包括柏拉图，培根，笛卡尔，康德和尼采在内的许多哲学家都进行过严格的讨论，他们认为这是对现实的歪曲。然而，幻觉与众多基本美学问题（例如歧义，想象力和意象）有关，因此它仍然是现代美学中不可或缺的概念。在不同的艺术媒体中，创作者与欣赏者的交流涉及虚幻的图像。恩斯特·冈伯里奇（Ernst Gombrich）在《艺术与幻觉》中强调了它的重要性，是英语世界中最具影响力的艺术史教科书之一。幻想的概念成为古典哲学与当代美学的交汇点。在本文中，将介绍幻觉的哲学，心理和美学基础。在不同的领域，幻觉具有不同的内容，但取决于相同的心理机制。在当代艺术作品中支撑审美错觉的神经机制，在阿多诺，伊格尔顿和威廉姆斯所描述的现代意识形态中也起作用。并非所有的审美错觉都有积极的作用，有时会导致认知失真和情绪复杂化。当它偏离现实太远时，审美错觉会包含与古典艺术中的艺术意象相抵触的特定认知情感特质。作为现代审美情感的载体，它还受到特殊的经济和政治形势的影响，并始终具有一种意识形态特征。因此，审美错觉常常促进审美和艺术史的新形态。