Viscosity of liquid is the main factor affecting the performance of turbine flow sensors. The influential mechanism is explained by analyzing the turbine flow sensor's internal flow field within a wide viscosity range. The results suggest that the velocity profile at the impeller inlet and the fluid leakage, affected by the viscosity, significantly influence the turbine flow sensor performance. Therefore, two methods were proposed to optimize the structure of turbine flow sensors. One was optimizing the ratio of the sensor hub radius to the housing inner radius to reduce viscosity's influence on the velocity profile. The other was optimizing the impeller length according to the velocity profile at the highest viscosity to minimize the impact of leakage flow. A new evaluation index was proposed to evaluate the turbine flow sensor's performance in the wide viscosity range. A series of 10 mm diameter turbine flow sensors were designed and manufactured. CFD simulation and experiments were carried out to verify the optimization design. The results show that within a kinematic viscosity range of 1 × 10⁻⁶ m²/s～50 × 10⁻⁶ m²/s, $E_{cv}$was less than 5%. The comparison of test results before and after optimization showed that the optimized structure was more suitable for flow measurement with a wide viscosity range.

液体的粘度是影响涡轮流量传感器性能的主要因素。通过在较宽的粘度范围内分析涡轮流量传感器的内部流场来说明影响机理。结果表明，叶轮入口处的速度曲线和受粘度影响的流体泄漏会显着影响涡轮流量传感器的性能。因此，提出了两种方法来优化涡轮流量传感器的结构。一种是优化传感器轮毂半径与壳体内半径的比率，以减少粘度对速度分布的影响。另一个是根据最高粘度下的速度曲线优化叶轮长度，以最大程度地减小泄漏流的影响。提出了一种新的评估指标来评估涡轮流量传感器的 在宽粘度范围内的性能。设计并制造了一系列直径为10 mm的涡轮流量传感器。进行了CFD仿真和实验以验证优化设计。结果表明，在运动粘度范围内为1×10^-6  m ² / s〜50×10 ^-6  m ² / s，$E_{Cv}$小于5％。优化前后的测试结果比较表明，优化后的结构更适合于宽粘度范围内的流量测量。