The aim of the study is to investigate whether the board of directors (BoD) diversity affect corporate social performance (CSP), an alternative measure of corporate performance based on social outcomes. The article distinguishes between a structural diversity of boards (proxied by director independence), and a demographic diversity in boards (proxied by gender diversity) and our concept of CSP. The sample is constituted of the firms listed to the FTSE-MIB index, which comprehends the most Italian capitalized listed firms. The analysis, covering a ten-year period (2010–2019), provides evidence that independent directors positively affect CSP and that gender has no effect on CSP. We also tested the association between BoD and CSP separately for family firms (FFs) and non-family firms (NFFs) to investigate whether FF status is a contingent condition modifying the effect of board features on CSP. Our result provide evidence of it.

中文翻译：

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董事会多元化与企业社会绩效：家族企业地位重要吗？

该研究的目的是调查董事会 (BoD) 的多样性是否影响企业社会绩效 (CSP)，这是一种基于社会成果的企业绩效的替代衡量标准。本文区分了董事会的结构多样性（以董事独立性为代表）和董事会的人口多样性（以性别多元化为代表）以及我们的 CSP 概念。样本由列入 FTSE-MIB 指数的公司组成，该指数包含意大利资本最多的上市公司。该分析涵盖十年（2010 年至 2019 年），提供证据表明独立董事对 CSP 产生积极影响，而性别对 CSP 没有影响。我们还分别针对家族企业 (FF) 和非家族企业 (NFF) 测试了 BoD 和 CSP 之间的关联，以研究 FF 状态是否是改变董事会特征对 CSP 影响的偶然条件。我们的结果提供了证据。