Genome editing holds the potential for rapid crop improvement to meet the challenge of feeding the planet in a changing climate. The delivery of gene editing reagents into the plant cells has been dominated by plasmid vectors delivered using agrobacterium or particle bombardment. This approach involves the production of genetically engineered plants, which need to undergo regulatory approvals. There are various reagent delivery approaches available that have enabled the delivery of DNA-free editing reagents. They invariably involve the use of ribonucleoproteins (RNPs), especially in the case of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated gene editing. The explant of choice for most of the non-DNA approaches utilizes protoplasts as the recipient explant. While the editing efficiency is high in protoplasts, the ability to regenerate individual plants from edited protoplasts remains a challenge. There are various innovative delivery approaches being utilized to perform in planta edits that can be incorporated in the germline cells or inherited via seed. With the modification and adoption of various novel approaches currently being used in animal systems, it seems likely that non-transgenic genome editing will become routine in higher plants.

基因组编辑具有快速改良作物的潜力，以应对在不断变化的气候中养活地球的挑战。将基因编辑试剂递送到植物细胞中的主要方式是使用农杆菌或粒子轰击递送的质粒载体。这种方法涉及生产基因工程植物，需要经过监管部门的批准。有多种试剂递送方法可以实现无 DNA 编辑试剂的递送。它们总是涉及使用核糖核蛋白 (RNP)，尤其是在 CRISPR/Cas9 介导的基因编辑的情况下。大多数非 DNA 方法的外植体选择利用原生质体作为受体外植体。虽然原生质体的编辑效率很高，从编辑过的原生质体再生单个植物的能力仍然是一个挑战。有多种创新的传递方法可用于在植物编辑中执行，这些方法可以合并到生殖细胞中或通过种子遗传。随着目前在动物系统中使用的各种新方法的修改和采用，非转基因基因组编辑似乎很可能在高等植物中成为常规。